Abdulvahap YİĞİT, NURULLAH ARSLANOĞLU, Buket Seçil EKER

FOTOVOLTAİK SİSTEMLERİN PROJELENDİRME, KURULUM VE İŞLETİLMESİNDE ÖNEMLİ FAKTÖRLER

Güneş enerjisi bakımından zengin olan ülkemizde Güneş Enerjisi Santralleri (GES) ile ilgili önemli yatırımların yapıldığı bilinmektedir. Ancak bu yatırımların fizibilitelerinin çok doğru yapıldığını söylemek oldukça zordur. GES santrallerinin projelendirilmesi, kurulması ve işletilmesi aşamalarında birçok yanlışların yapıldığı ve bunun sonucu santrallerin verimsiz çalıştığı görülmektedir. Bu santrallerin projelendirilmesinde dikkat edilmesi gereken önemli noktalar olduğu gibi, kurulum ve işletmesinde de dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar bulunmaktadır. Projelendirme esnasında yer seçimi, panel doğrultusu, panel açısı ve gölgeleme önemli parametreler arasındadır. GES santrallerinde panel sıcaklığının, rüzgarın ve kirliliğin panel verimini önemli ölçüde etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada; GES santrallerinin panel açısı, panel yönü, gölgeleme, sıcaklık, nem, rüzgar, kirlilik gibi parametrelerin panel verimine etkileri literatürde verilen çalışmalarla ortaya konulup, konunun tartışması yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, güneş takip sistemlerinin fotovoltaik sistemlerin verimleri üzerine etkileri tartışılmıştır. GES santrallerinin projelendirilmesi, kurulumu ve işletilmesi ile ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

GES, güneş enerjisi, fotovoltaik, verim

Important Factors in Project, Installation and Operation of Photovoltaic Systems

It is known that significant investments have been made in our country which is rich in solar energy.However, it is very difficult to say that the feasibility of these investments is very accurate. It is seen that many mistakes have been made in the design, establishment and operation of the GES plants and as a result of this, very large plants are inefficient. There are important points to be taken into consideration in the design of these power plants as well as the points to be considered in the installation and operation. During projecting, location selection, panel direction, panel angle and shading are important parameters. It is known that panel temperature, wind and pollution significantly affect panel efficiency in solar power plants. In this study; The effects of the parameters such as panel angle, panel direction, shading, temperature, humidity, wind, pollution of the GES plants on the panel efficiency were revealed by the studies given in the literature and the subject was discussed. In addition, the effects of solar tracking systems on the efficiency of photovoltaic systems are discussed. Suggestions for the design, installation and operation of the GES plants are presented.

Keywords:

Solar power plant, solar energy, photovoltaic, efficiency,

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