ÇOK ÖLÇEKLİ MALZEME MODELLEMESİ İLE KISA ELYAF TAKVİYELİ KOMPOZİTLERİN YAPISAL ANALİZİ: ARAÇ PEDALI ÖRNEĞİ

Lif takviyeli plastik malzemeler ürün hafifletme çalışmalarında kullanılan kompozit malzemelerdendir. Anizotropik yapıda olan bu malzemelerin enjeksiyon prosesinde, akışa bağlı olarak lifler farklı yönlerde dağılabilmektedir. Bu malzemelerden imal edilen ürünlerin sonlu elemanlar modellemelerinde lif yönlerinin proses ortamından transfer edilerek tanımlanması analizin doğruluğunu artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, enjeksiyon kalıplama ile üretilen kısa lif takviyeli plastikten elde edilen araç pedalının sonlu elemanlar modeli oluşturularak yapısal analizi, lif oryantasyon verileri de modellemeye dahil edilerek gerçekleştirildi. Lif oryantasyon verileri, enjeksiyon simülasyonu sonucunda elde edildi ve anizotropinin de dahil edildiği çok ölçekli malzeme modelinde kullanıldı. %30 cam lif katkılı poliamid malzeme kullanılarak üretilen pedal sonuçları, takviyesiz plastik malzeme ve çelik malzeme kullanılarak üretilen pedal verileri ile karşılaştırıldı. Çelik pedala kıyasla takviyeli plastik malzemeden elde edilen pedalın yer değiştirme sonuçlarında %2.5 oranında artış, gerilme değerlerinde ise %7 oranında artış görülür. Takviyeli plastiğin 294 MPa olan akma gerilmesi referans alındığında bu artışın kısıt değerlerin altında kaldığı sonucuna varılır. Ayrıca çelik malzemeye kıyasla %20 oranında daha hafif pedal elde edilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yapısal analiz, Enjeksiyon kalıplama, Sonlu elemanlar analizi, Lif oryantasyonu, Kompozitler

Structural Analysis of Short Fiber Reinforced Composites By Multi-Scale Material Modeling: A Vehicle Pedal Example

Fiber reinforced plastic materials are composite materials used in product lightening studies. In the injection process of these anisotropic materials, the fibers may disperse in different directions depending on the flow. In the finite element modeling of products manufactured from these materials, the identification of fiber directions by transferring them from the process environment increases the accuracy of the analysis. In this study, a finite element model of the vehicle pedal obtained from short fiber reinforced plastic produced by injection molding and structural analysis was carried out by including fiber orientation data were created. Fiber orientation data were obtained as a result of injection simulation used in the multi-scale material model including anisotropy. Pedal results produced using 30% glass fiber reinforced polyamide material were compared with pedal data produced using non-reinforced plastic material and steel material. Compared to the steel pedal, the displacement results of the pedal made of reinforced plastic material increase by 2.5% and the stress values increase by 7%. When the yield stress of reinforced plastic, which is 294 MPa, is taken as reference, it is concluded that this increase is below the constraint values. In addition, 20% lighter pedal is obtained compared to steel material.

Keywords:

Structural analysis, Injection molding, Finite element analysis, Fiber orientation, Composites,

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