Şiddetin Önlenmesinde Değerler Ve Demokratik Yaşam Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki

Kökleri değişmekle birlikte “organizma olarak ihtiyaçların” davranışlar dolayısıyla şiddet olgusunda etkili olduğunu söyleyebilmek mümkündür. Davranışların harekete geçirici kaynağı olarak ihtiyaçlar, bireylerin temel özelliklerinden biri olan değerleri hakkında da bilgi vermektedir. Bireylerin neyin ihtiyaç olduğuna ilişkin tanım ve gerekçeleri doğrultusunda göstermiş olduğu davranışları, değerler sisteminin de anlaşılmasını sağlamaktadır. Temel ihtiyaçların karşılanmasına yönelik motive edici düşünce ve inançlar olarak değerler, şiddet davranışıyla ulaşılması beklenen hedeflerin ya da kaynakların bilgisini vermektedir. Bu bilgi, bireyin hangi yaşamsal alanlarda zorluk yaşadığını ve desteğe ihtiyaç duyduğunu göstermektedir. Toplumlar, bireylerden oluşmaktadır; şiddeti üretenler de kurbanlar kadar aynı toplumun üyesi ve ürünü olduğu dikkate alınmak zorundadır. Bu bağlamda şiddet olgusunu önleyebilmek için yaşanılan toplumun ihtiyaçları karşılama konusunda hissettirmiş olduğu güvende olma algısı, davranışların şekillenmesinde etkili olabilecek faktörlerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Temel insan ihtiyaçlarının güvence altında olması ise toplumsal yaşam dinamiği olarak insan hakları ve demokrasi bilinci ile yakından ilişkilidir. Toplumların gelişmişlik düzeylerinden biri olarak, demokrasi ve özgürlük kavramları üzerine inşa edilen demokratik yaşam kriterleri aynı zamanda evrensel insan haklarının gözetilmesini sağlamaktadır. Demokratik yaşam kriterlerini uygulamaya yönelik çalışmalar, şiddet gibi toplumların var oluşunu tehdit eden sorunlarla mücadelede yadsınamaz önem taşımaktadır. Toplumun her bir üyesinin, demokrasi bilinci ile demokratik yaşam kriterlerine uygun yaşam kalitesine ulaşabilmesini sağlayabilmek amacıyla, eğitim sistemi ve eğitimin kendinden beklenen işlevleri yerine getirebilmesi kilit rol oynamaktadır. Disiplinler arası bir anlayışla gösterilecek çabanın yalnızca şiddet olgusu değil toplumsal refahı etkileyebilecek bir çok olumsuz faktör içinde koruyucu rol üstleneceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İhtiyaçlar, Şiddet, Değerler, Demokratik Yaşam Kalitesi

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