Elif AKÇAY, Özge PARLAK GÖZÜKARA, Büşra BAHADIR, Funda Seher ÖZALP ATEŞ, Gülser ŞENSES DİNÇ, Eda ÖZAYDIN, Esra ÇÖP

Dokuz Maddeli Kaçıngan/Kısıtlayıcı Gıda Alım Bozukluğu Tarama Ölçeği (NIAS) Ebeveyn Bildirimi’nin Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği

Giriş ve amaçlar: Bu çalışma, ebeveynler tarafından kaçınan/kısıtlayıcı gıda alım bozukluğu (KKGAB) semptomlarını ölçen Dokuz Maddeli Kaçınan/Kısıtlayıcı Gıda Alım Bozukluğu Tarama Ölçeği’nin (NIAS-EÖ) Türkçe versiyonunun psikometrik özelliklerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. NIAS-EÖ, seçici yeme, iştahsızlık/yemeye karşı sınırlı ilgi ve yemek yemenin tiksindirici sonuçlarından korkma olmak üzere üç alt ölçeğe sahiptir. Araştırmanın ikincil amacı ise, KKGAB ile ilişkili yeme davranışları ile çocukların duygusal-davranışsal belirtileri ve ebeveynlerin psikolojik durumları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: NIAS-EÖ standart prosedürlerle Türkçe'ye çevrilmiştir. Çalışmaya 268 çocuk (133 kız, %49.6; ort. yaş 8.62, yaş aralığı 2-18) ve ebeveynleri (175 anne, %65.2) dahil edilmiştir. Faktör yapısı, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) kullanılarak doğrulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, yakınsak geçerliliği belirlemek için geçerli bir ölçek olan Türk Çocuklarının Yeme Davranışı Anketi (ÇYDA) alt testleri ile korelasyon analizleri yapılmıştır. NIAS-PR'nin güvenilirliğini belirlemek için iç tutarlılık (Cronbach alfa katsayısı) analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Mevcut çalışma, NIAS-EÖ'nin çevrilmiş Türkçe versiyonunun pediatrik popülasyonda geçerli bir ölçek olduğunu göstermiştir. NIAS'ın üç faktörlü yapısı -Seçici yeme, İştah ve Korku- Türkçe versiyonu NIAS-EÖ için tekrarlanmıştır. NIAS-EÖ alt ölçekleri, CEBQ alt ölçekleri ile beklenen korelasyon modellerini göstermiştir. Pediyatrik popülasyonda (2-18 yaş) NIAS-EÖ Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliğinin yüksek olduğu (toplam Cronbach alfa=0.90) saptanmıştır. Sonuçlar: Bu çalışma, NIAS-EÖ'nin Türkçe versiyonunun iyi bir iç tutarlılığı olduğunu göstermiştir. NIAS-EÖ'nin Türkçe versiyonunun üç faktörlü yapısı doğrulanmıştır. NIAS-EÖ, Türk çocuk ve ergenlerinde ARFID araştırması için kısa, güvenilir bir araçtır. NIAS-EÖ bir tarama ölçeği olarak geliştirilmiştir, bu nedenle sağlık profesyonelleri bu ölçeği KKGAB ile ilgili yeme davranışlarını daha fazla araştırmak için kullanabilir. Bu kısıtlı/kaçıngan yeme semptomlarının klinik görüşmeler ile derinleştirilmesi gerektiğini belirtmekte fayda vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

ARFID, kaçıngan/kısıtlayıcı gıda alımı bozukluğu, NIAS, geçerlilik, güvenilirlik

Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Nine-Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen (NIAS) Parent-Report

Background and aims: The current study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Turkish version of The Nine Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen Parent Report (NIAS-PR), which measures the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) symptoms by parents. NIAS-PR includes three subscales picky eating, poor appetite/limited interest in eating, and fear of aversive consequences from eating. Also, our secondary aim was to assess the relationship between ARFID-related eating behaviours and emotional-behavioural symptoms of children and parents' psychological status. Methods: The NIAS-PR was translated into Turkish with standard procedures. Two hundred sixty-eight children (133 girls, 49.6%; mean age 8.62, age range from 2 to 18 years) and parents (175 mothers, 65.2%) were included in the study. The factor structure was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results were compared to the validated Turkish Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) to determine the convergent validity. Internal consistency (Cronbach alpha coefficient) analysis was used to determine the reliability of the NIAS-PR. Results: The current study provided evidence for the validity of the translated Turkish version of the NIAS-PR in the pediatric population. The three-factor structure of the NIAS—Picky eating, Appetite, and Fear—was replicated in the Turkish NIAS-PR. The NIAS-PR subscales showed the expected patterns of correlations with the CEBQ subscales. The reliability of the Turkish version of NIAS-PR proved to be satisfactory (total Cronbach's alpha=0.90) in the pediatric population (2-18 years). Conclusions: This study demonstrated a good internal consistency of the Turkish version of the NIAS-PR. We confirmed the three-factor structure of the Turkish version of NIAS-PR. NIAS-PR is a brief, reliable instrument for ARFID research in Turkish children and adolescents. The NIAS-PR is developed as a screening questionnaire, so health professionals should use it to investigate ARFID-related eating behaviours further. It is worth mentioning that deepening these eating symptoms with clinical interviews is necessary.

Keywords:

ARFID, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, NIAS, validation, reliability,

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