Salmah YAAKOP, Muhamad Azmi MOHAMMED, Ameyra AMAN-ZUKI, Nurul Othman WAHIDA, Yohsuke TAGAMI

The role of a novel Wolbachia (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) synthetic peptide, WolFar, in regulating prostaglandin levels in the hemolymph of Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

Prostaglandins and other eicosanoids are known as regulating agents for cellular immune responses to pathogen threats inan insect’s hemolymph. A novel synthetic peptide, WolFar, was customized from a conserved region of the Wolbachia surface protein(WSP), isolated from an economically important endoparasitoid species, Fopius arisanus. WolFar consists of nine amino acids (SYYVRL QYN) and was tested on the house cricket, Acheta domesticus. Three concentrations of peptides, 0.83 mmol/L (100%), 0.63 mmol/L(75%), and 0.42 mmol/L (50%), were injected and observed for 72 h. The regulation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the hemolymph ofA. domesticus was determined using ELISA and by observation of nodules in the internal system of A. domesticus. The results showedthat there were significant increases in PGE2 in response to peptide injection at 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment. Furthermore, higherconcentrations of peptide were directly proportional to the level of PGE2 activity. These findings were supported by the abundance ofnodules that formed in the internal system and fat body of A. domesticus, detectable at 72 h into the treatment. This indicates that WolFaris able to stimulate the immune system of insects and can be further developed as a potential biopesticide.

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