The anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular conducting system in the hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) heart
This study examined the atrioventricular conducting system in 4 adult male hedgehogs (Hemiechinus auritus). The histological structure of these components was studied using routine histological methods. The AVN was located at the lower and anterior part of the interatrial septum, near the root of the aorta. It was almost oval and consisted of twisted cells. Internodal pathways in the hedgehog heart were not observed, but there were numerous purkinje-like fibers within the myocardium of the atrium. The AVB was a continuation of the AVN, as a compact structure, extended obliquely through the fibrous ring toward the apex of the interventricular septum, and was composed of many purkinje cells.
The anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular conducting system in the hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) heart
This study examined the atrioventricular conducting system in 4 adult male hedgehogs (Hemiechinus auritus). The histological structure of these components was studied using routine histological methods. The AVN was located at the lower and anterior part of the interatrial septum, near the root of the aorta. It was almost oval and consisted of twisted cells. Internodal pathways in the hedgehog heart were not observed, but there were numerous purkinje-like fibers within the myocardium of the atrium. The AVB was a continuation of the AVN, as a compact structure, extended obliquely through the fibrous ring toward the apex of the interventricular septum, and was composed of many purkinje cells.
___
- Bishop, S.P. and Cole, C.R. 1967. Morphology of the specialized conducting tissue in the atria of the equine heart. Anat. Rec. 158: 401-416.
- Copenhaver, W.M. and Truex, R.C. 1952. Histology of the atrial portion of the cardiac conduction system in man and other mammals. Anat. Rec. 114: 601-625.
- Ghazi, S.R. and Tadjalli, M. 2002. Anatomy of the atrioventricular node of camels (Camelus dromedarius). Iranian J. Vet. Res. 3: 93-99.
- Ghazi, S.R. and Tadjalli, M. 1993. The anatomy of the atrioventricular bundle in the heart of camels (Camelus dromedarius). Vet. Res. Commun. 17: 411-416.
- Ghazi, S.R., Tadjalli, M. and Baniabbas, A. 1998. The anatomy of the atrioventricular bundle in the heart of domestic cats (Felis catus). J. Fac. of Vet. Med., Univ. of Tehran, 53: 87-91.
- Glomset, D.J. and Glomset, A.T.A. 1940. A morphologic study of the cardiac conduction system in ungulates, dog and man. Am. Heart J. 20: 389-398.
- James, T.N. 1964. Anatomy of the AV node of the dog. Anat. Rec. 148: 15-27.
- James, T.N. 1965. Anatomy of the sinus node, AV node and os cordis of the beef heart. Anat. Rec. 153: 361-372.
- James, T.N. 1967. Anatomy of the cardiac conduction system in the rabbit. Circ. Res. 20: 638-648.
- James, T.N. 1970. Cardiac conduction system: Fetal and postnatal development. Am. J. Cardiol. 25: 213-225.
- James, T.N. and Sherf, L. 1971. Fine structure of the His bundle. Circ. 44: 9-29.
- Lev, M. and Lerner, R. 1955. A histology study of the normal atrioventricular communications of the human heart. Circ. 12: 176-184.
- Luna, L.G. 1968. Manual of histologic staining methods of the armed forces institute of pathology, 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, PP: 94-95 and 168-169.
- Meyling, H.A. and Terborg, H. 1957. The conducting system of the heart in hoofed animals. Cornell Vet. J. 47: 419-447.
- Nabipour, A., Khanzadi, S. and Banihassan, M. 2002. Anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular bundle in the heart of goats (Capra hircus). J. Appl. Anim. Res. 22: 155-160.
- Nabipour, A. 2002. Anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular node of goats (Capra hircus). J. Appl. Anim. Res. 22: 67-71.
- Nabipour, A. 2004a. Anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular node in the heart of guinea pig (Cavia percellus). Iranian J. Vet. Res. 5: 204-209.
- Nabipour, A. 2004b. Histology of the atrioventricular bundle in the heart of guinea pig (Cavia percellus). Iranian J. Vet. Res. 5: 7-13.
- Nabipour, A. and Shahabodini, M.R. 2007. Histological study of the atrioventricular node and bundle in the heart of ovine fetus. Iranian J. Vet. Res. 8: 64-70.
- Nonidez, J.F. 1943. The structure and innervation of conductive system of the heart of the dog and rhesus monkey as seen with a silver impregnation technique. Am. Heart J. 26: 577-597.
- Prakash, R. 1990. The heart and its conduction system in the lizard Calotes versi color (Daudin). Anat. Rec. 136: 469-475.
- Prasad, J. and Sinha, R.D. 1980. Histological and histochemical studies on the right branch of atrioventricular bundle of Indian buffalo. Indian Vet. J. 57: 373-376.
- Szabo, E., Viragh, S. and Challice, C.E. 1986. The structure of the atrioventricular system in the avian heart. Anat. Rec. 215: 1-9.
- Tadjalli, M., Ghazi, S.R. and Baniabbas, A. 1999. Anatomy of the atrioventricular node in the heart of cat. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 15: 35-40.
- Titus, J.L., Daugherty, G.W. and Edwards, J.E. 1963. Anatomy of the normal human atrioventricular conduction system. Am. J. Anat. 113: 407-415.
- Titus, J.L. 1973. Normal anatomy of the human cardiac conduction system. Mayo. Clin. Proc. 48: 24-30.