Laboratuar Koşullarında Karadeniz Kalkan Balığı, Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758), Larva Yetiştiriciliği

Karadenizdeki kalkan bal›¤›, Scophthalmus maximus, yavru üretim tekni¤ini gelifltirmek için yumurta ve larvalar yapay koflullar alt›nda incelendi. Larvalar tanklarda tutulan anaçlardan al›nan yumurtalardan elde edildi. Yumurta döllenme oran› 27.6%, döllenmifl yumurtalar 1.213±0.063 mm çapl›, bir ya¤ damlac›kl›, küresel ve pelajik özellikte idi. Yumurtadan ç›kt›ktan sonra larvalar; ilk boylar› 3.12±0.14 mm'den 246. günde normal grupta 167.28±15.32 mm, anormal grupta 159.98±12.25 mm'ye ulaflt›. Nannochloropsis oculata, Brachionus plicatilis, Artemia, ve granül yemeden oluflan yemleme sistemi ile yaflama oran› 60. günde %5.20, 246. günde %4.59 olarak gerçekleflti. Larval ölümler yumurtadan ç›k›fltan sonraki 15 gün içinde, iç beslenmeden d›fl beslenmeye ve rotifer ile beslenmeden Artemia ile beslenmeye geçifl sürecinde oldukça yükseldi. Bu çal›flma, yetiflkin Karadeniz kalkan›n›n do¤adan temin edilebilece¤ini ve anaç bak›m›, yapay yumurta al›m› ve yavru üretiminin baflar›l› bir flekilde gerçeklefltirilebilece¤ini göstermifltir. 

Larval Rearing of the Black Sea Turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758), under Laboratory Conditions

To establish a seed production technique for Black Sea turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, eggs and larvae were observed under artificial rearing conditions. Larvae were obtained artificially from eggs of tank-held broodstock. The egg fertilization was 27.6% and the fertilized eggs were 1.213±0.063 mm in diameter, were spherical pelagic and had one oil globule. From an initial length of 3.12±0.14 mm on day 0, the larvae grown to 167.28±15.32 mm in the normal group and to 159.98±12.25 mm in the abnormal group on day 246. The feeding regime consisted of Nannochloropsis oculata, Brachionus plicatilis, Artemia, and granule feed. The survival rates were 5.2% on day 60, and 4.59% on day 246. High mortality of larvae occurred within 15 days of hatching, during the transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding and from rotifer to Artemia-feeding. The present study demonstrated that adult Black Sea turbot can be obtained from the wild, and from broodstock management and artificial spawning in captivity, and larval rearing can be achieved successfully.