Seher KÜÇÜKERSAN, M. Rıfat SALMANOĞLU, D. Şakir TUNCER, Erol ALAÇAM

The effects of a nutritionally unbalanced diet on some blood and postpartum fertility paramertes in dairy cows

Çalışmada, yüksek verimli süt ineklerinde beslenmeye bağlı olarak şekillenen ve subklinik seyreden mineral madde dengesizlikleri ile negatif enerji dengesinin erken ve ileri postpartum dönemde bulunan ineklerdeki üreme fonksiyonlarına etkileri araştırıldı. Bu amaçla, özel bir sütçü inek işletmesinden, random yöntemiyle seçilen 2-8 yaşlı, ortalama 650 kg ağırlığında, 100 baş Holstein materyal olarak kullanıldı. İşletmenin uyguladığı rasyonlarda herhangi bir değişiklik yapılmadı. Deneme hayvanlarından kan örnekleri, postpartum 0. , 20., 24., 30., 31., 38., 45., 60. ve 90. günlerde alındı. Doğum ve/veya puerperum sorunları gösteren inekler kayıt edildi. Kan örneklerinde esterleşmemiş yağ asitleri, kalsiyum, fosfor, magnezyum, üre azotu, SGOT (AST) ve progesteron hormonu analizleri yapıldı. Bu çerçevede kan serumunda esterleşmemiş yağ asitleri (EYA) düzeyleri post partum 0., 20., 30., 60. ve 90. günlerde sırasıyla, 670, 660, 660, 620 ve 640 umol/1 olarak saptandı. Söz konusu değerlerin önemli derecede negatif enerji dengesinin bir göstergesi olabileceği kanısına varıldı. Kan serumu örneklerinde Ca/P oranının 1/1.25 arasında olduğu saptandı. Deneme hayvanlarından % 31'inde postpartum 45. güne kadar serum progesteron değerlerinde yükselme izlenirken % 69'unda progesteron değerleri 1 ng/ml'nin altında seyretti. Fertilite parametreleri, postpartum sorunlu ve sorunsuz ineklerde sırasıyla, doğum-ilk tohumlama süresi 102,44 ± 36,41 ve 108 ± 28,61 gün, doğum-gebe kalma aralığı 132,69 ± 34,00 ve 128,63 ± 35,50 gün, gebelik başına tohumlama sayısı 2,00 + 0,70 ve 2,12 ± 0,71 adet, repeat breeder inek oranı % 33,33 ve % 37,93 olarak hesaplandı. Anılan parametreler sürü fertilitesine ilişkin olarak infertilite ve ekonomik kayıplara işaret etmektedir.

Süt ineklerinde dengesiz beslemenin bazı kan parametreleri ile postpartum fertiliteye etkisi

This study was carried out to determine the effects of mineral imbalances and negative energy balance on reproductive functions during the early and later stages of the postpartum period in dairy cows. The study included 100 randomly selected multiparous Holstein cows aged between 2 and 8 years (mean weight: 650 kg). The animals’ diets were not manipulated and they were fed the rations used by the study farm. Blood samples were taken on postpartum days 0, 20, 24, 30, 31, 38, 45, 60, and 90. Cows with calving and/or puerperium problems were recorded. Analyses were made for non-esterified fatty acids, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, urea nitrogen, SGOT (AST), and progesterone levels in the blood. Non-esterified fatty acid levels in blood serum were 670, 660, 660, 620, and 640 μmol/l on postpartum day 0, 20, 30, 60, and 90, respectively. It was assumed that those levels might be indicators of significant negative energy levels in the rations. The Ca:P ratio in blood samples was 1:1.25. In all, 31% of the animals’ serum progesterone levels increased until the 45th postpartum day, whereas progesterone levels were below 1 ng/ml in 69% of the animals. The fertility parameters of the cows with or without postpartum problems were, respectively, as follows: calving to first service interval: 102.44 ± 36.41 and 108 ± 28.61 days; calving to conception interval: 132.69 ± 34.00 and 128.63 ± 35.50 days; services per conception: 2.00 ± 0.70 and 2.12 ± 0.71; repeat breeder rate: 33.3% and 37.93%. These parameters indicate infertility and economic lose for the study farm.

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