Experimental aspergillus fumigatus infection in dogs and treatment with itraconazole

Bu çalışmada, köpeklerde Aspergillus fumigatus ile oluşturulan deneysel enfeksiyonda; klinik, hematolojik, biyokimyasal, idrar analizi, histopatolojik ve mikolojik muayene bulgularının belirlenmesi ve itrakonazol'ün sağaltım etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmada, 25 sağlıklı erkek köpek kullanıldı. Hayvanlar I. grupta (kontrol) 5, II. grupta (enfekte) ve III. grupta (sağaltım) 10'ar köpek olacak şekilde üç gruba ayrıldı. Aspergillus fumigatus inokulasyonundan önce II. ve III. gruptaki köpeklere siklofosfamid verildi. Daha sonra intravenöz yolla A. fumigatus inokule edildi. Etken inokulasyonundan sonraki 2. günden itibaren aspergillozis'in klinik belirtileri gelişti. İkinci gruptan 3 köpek öldü. Etkenin verilişinin 7. gününde II. ve III. gruplarda lenfositozis, monositozis, granülositozis ve lökositosiz belirlendi. Ancak lenfositlerin, toplam beyaz kan hücreleri (WBC) içindeki dağılım yüzdesi düştü. Kırmızı kan hücreleri (RBC) ve trombosit (Pit) sayıları, Hgb ve Hct değerleri, glukoz konsantrasyonu ve idrarın özgül ağırlığı düşerken ALP aktivitesi, üre azotu, total protein, globulin, Mg ve P konsantrasyonları yükseldi. Köpeklerin tümünde hematuri, bazılarında proteinuri, glikozüri ve ketonuri belirlendi. İdrar sedimentlerinde lökosit ve eritrosit sayısı arttı. Köpeklerin idrar, burun eküvyonu, akciğer, böbrek, karaciğer, kalp, dalak, burun konhası ve lenf yumrularından A. fumigatus izole edilirken sadece akciğer ve böbreklerde histopatolojik olarak granulomatöz yangı ve etken hifaları tespit edildi. Etken verilmesini takiben 10. günde sağaltımabaşlandı. Itrakonazol 111. grup köpeklere 5 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı dozunda günde bir kez 6 hafta süreyle oral verildi. Sağaltım sürecinde 4 köpek öldü. Deneme sonunda, canlı kalan 6 köpeğin ikisinde gözlenen ekzoftalmus, miyozis, pupilla refleksi kaybı ve körlük dışında tüm klinik belirtilerin düzeldiği belirlendi. Hematolojik, biyokimyasal ve idrar değerlerinin normale yakın olduğu saptandı. Itrakonazol sağaltımının 6 köpekte etkili olduğu tespit edildi.

Köpeklerde deneysel aspergillus fumigatus enfeksiyonu ve itrakonazol ile sağıtımı

The aim of this study was to investigate the findings of clinical, haemotological, biochemical, histopathological, mycological and urine analyses and to evaluate the efficiency of itraconazole treatment in dogs experimentally infected with Aspergiilus fumigatus. In this study, 25 healthy male dogs were used. The animals were divided into 3 groups: group I (control), group II (infected) and group III (treatment) consisting of 5, 10 and 10 dogs, respectively. Cyclophosphamide was injected into the dogs of groups II and III before the inoculation of A. fumigatus via intravenous (i.v.) route. Clinical findings of aspergillosis were developed after the second day following A. fumigatus inoculation. Three dogs died in group II. On the seventh day after the inoculation of the agent (PI), lymphocytosis, monocytosis, granulocytosis and leucocytosis were determined in groups II and III. However, the percentage of lymphocytes in white blood cells decreased. The red blood cell and platelet counts, haemoglobin and haematocrit values, glucose concentrations and the specific gravity of urine decreased while serum alkaline phosphatase activity, urea nitrogen, total protein, globulin, magnesium and phosphorus concentrations increased. Haematuria was observed in all dogs, and proteinuria, glucosuria and ketonuria were observed in some of them. Leucocyte and erythrocyte counts increased in the urine sediment. Aspergillus fumigatuswas isolated from the urine, nasal swabs, lungs, kidney, liver, heart, spleen, nasal concha and lymphoid nodules of some of the dogs, while the hyphae of the agent and granulomatous inflammation were observed only in the lungs and kidneys by histopathological examination. The treatment of the animals started on day 10 PI. Itraconazole, at 5 mg/kg body weight per day, was orally administered for 6 weeks. Four dogs died during the treatment period. At the end of the experiment, all of the clinical signs in the 6 surviving dogs had improved except for exophtalmus, miosis, an absence of pupillary reflexes and blindness in 2 dogs. Haematological, biochemical and urine analysis findings returned to close to normal values. It was determined that itraconazole treatment was effective in 6 dogs.

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Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-0128
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: TÜBİTAK
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