This study was carried out to determine the incidence of C.burnetii infection using the Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA)Test in ewes in Elazığ and neighboring provinces.Seropositivity was detected in 38.59 %(71/184)of aborted ewes and in 11.01 %(25/227)of unaborted ewes.The seropositivity rates were 20 %in Elazığ,20% in Malatya, 27.95 %in Bingöl and 27.27% in Muş. Antibody titers ranged from 1/80 to 1/1280. Q fever should be considered an important cause of abortions in ewes in Elazığ and neighboring provinces.