Hatice PAŞAOĞLU, Sevsen KULAKSIZOĞLU, Gürsel BİBEROĞLU, Nilüfer BAYRAKTAR, Memduh KAYMAZİ, Aydın PAŞAOĞLU

The Relationship between Carnitine Levels and Lipid Peroxidation in Glial Brain Tumors

Aim: It is assumed that reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation cause cell membrane damage and play a role in oncogenesis. Carnitine and acyl esters, which play a role in intracellular short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acid metabolism, are one of the defense mechanisms against free radical toxicity. It is thought that the protective effects of carnitine are related with its role in lipid metabolism. In our study, we analyzed the relation between malondialdehyde (MDA) and free carnitine, and C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C8, C10, C12, C14:1, C14, C16:1, C16, C18:1, C18, C20:4 carnitine levels in glial tumors [glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) (n = 29), high-grade astrocytoma (n = 8) and low-grade astrocytoma (n = 8)] to determine whether there is a relation between carnitine-acyl carnitines and lipid peroxidation in carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: The present study examined the free carnitine and C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C8, C10, C12, C14:1, C14, C16:1, C16, C18:1, C18, C20:4 levels of glial tumors in tandem mass spectrometry. We measured MDA levels using HPLC system. Results: There was a significant correlation between MDA and C20:4 carnitine levels in GBM. C20:4 carnitine levels increased with increasing MDA levels (p = 0.000, r = 0.916), but no significant correlation was found in the other groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, measurement of only carnitine-MDA relation did not reflect any significant correlation. Detailed studies, including measurement of parameters showing antioxidant status and tumor cellular metabolism, are necessary.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Carnitine, lipid peroxidation, tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC

The Relationship between Carnitine Levels and Lipid Peroxidation in Glial Brain Tumors

Keywords:

Carnitine, lipid peroxidation, tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC,

PDF

___

Kaminska J, Nalecz KA, Azzi A, Nalecz MJ. Purification of carni- tine carrier from rat brain mitochondria. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1993; 29(6): 999-1008.
Katarzyna A, Nalecz MJ, Nalecz KA. Carnitine-a known com- pound, a novel function in neural cells. Acta Neurobiol Exp 1996; 56: 597-609.
Manfridi A, Forloni GL, Arrigoni-Martelli E, Mancia M. Culture of dorsal root ganglion neurons from aged rats: effects of acetyl-L- carnitine and NGF. Int J Dev Neurosci 1992; 10(4): 321-9.
Luo X, Reichetzer B, Trines J, Benson LN, Lehotay DC. L-carnitine attenuates doxorubicin-induced lipid peroxidation in rats. Free Radic Biol Med 1999; 26: 1158-65.
Rauchova H, Koudelova J, Drahota Z, Mourek J. Hypoxia-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain and protective effect of carnitine and phosphocreatine. Neurochem Res 2002; 27(9): 899-904.
Rani PJ, Panneerselvam C. Carnitine as a free radical scavenger in aging. Exp Gerontol 2001; 36: 1713–26.
Rani PJ, Panneerselvam C. Effect of L-carnitine on brain lipid per- oxidation and antioxidant enzymes in old rats. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2002; 57: 134–7.
Agarwal R, Chace SW. Rapid, fluorimetric-liquid chromatograph- ic determination of malondialdehyde in biological samples. J Chro- matography B 2002; 775: 121-6.
Chace DH, DiPerna JC, Mitchell BL, Sgroi B, Hofman LF, Naylor EW. Electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for analysis of acyl- carnitines in dried postmortem blood specimens collected at autopsy from infants with unexplained cause of death. Clin Chem 2001; 47(7): 1166-82.
Deutsch J, Kalderon B, Purdon AD, Rapoport SI. Evaluation of brain long-chain acylcarnitines during cerebral ischemia. Lipids 2000; 35(6): 693-6.
Liedtke AJ, Demaison L, Nellis SH. Effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on mechanical recovery during reflow in intact hearts. Am J Phys- iol 1998; 255: 169-76.
Haripriya D, Devi MA, Kokilavani V, Sangeetha P, Panneerselvam C. Age-dependent alterations in mitochondrial enzymes in cortex, striatum and hippocampus of rat brain – potential role of L-carni- tine. Biogerontology 2004; 5: 355–64.
Geremia E, Santoro C, Barata D, Scalia M et al. Antioxidant action acetyl-L-carnitine: in vitro study. Med Sci Res 1988; 16: 699- 700.
Reznick AZ, Kagan VE, Ramsey R, Tsuchiya M, Khwaja S, Serbinova EA et al. Antiradical effects in L-propionyl carnitine pro- tection of the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury: the pos- sible role of iron chelation. Arch. Biochem Biophys 1992; 296: 394-401.
Packer L, Valenza M, Serbinova E, Starke-Reed P, Frost K, Kagan V. Free radical scavenging is involved in the protective effect of L- propionyl-carnitine against ischemia reperfusion injury of the heart. Arch Biochem Biophys 1991; 288: 533–7.
Koudelova J, Mourek J, Drahota Z, Rauchova H. Protective effect of carnitine on lipoperoxide formation in rat brain. Physiol Res 1994; 43: 387–9.
Sachan DS, Datson WL. The serum carnitine status of cancer patients. J Am Coll Nutr 1987; 6: 145-50.
Dodson WL, Sachan DS, Krauss S, Hanna W. Alterations of serum and urinary carnitine profiles in cancer patients: hypothesis of possible significance. J Am Coll Nutr 1989; 8: 133-42.
Parvin R, Gianoulakis C, Pande SV, Chretien M. Effect of pituitary tumor MtT-F4 on carnitine levels in the serum, liver, heart of rats. Life Sci 1981; 10: 1047-9.
Vescovi G, Weber B, Matrat M, Ramacci C, Nabet P, Kremer B. Modulation by palmitoylcarnitine of calcium activated, phospho- lipid-dependent protein kinase activity, and inhibition of melanoma cell growth. Br J Dermatol 1988; 119: 171-8.