Özgün ÖZÇAKA, Esin ALPÖZ, Gonca KARABULUT, Yasemin KABASAKAL, Gökhan KESER, Sercan GÜCENMEZ, Hayriye KOÇANAOĞULLARI, Gül KİTAPÇIOĞLU, Ayşe NALBANTSOY

Saliva levels of caspase-1, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: oral mucosal abnormalities revisited

Background/aim: Abnormalities in oral mucosal immunity contribute to complex pathogenesis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSjS).We aimed to measure saliva and serum levels of caspase-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) inpatients with pSjS.Materials and methods: We studied 43 pSjS patients fulfilling the AECG criteria and 30 age/sex-matched healthy controls, as wellas 39 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients as a disease control group. ESSDAI scores were less than seven in all patients with pSjS,indicating low disease activity. Quantitative analyses were made in serum and whole saliva samples. The statistical analysis wasperformed using SPSS 19.0.Results: While no significant difference was found in serum measurements, saliva levels of TNF-α and caspase-1 were significantlyhigher in pSjS patients versus healthy controls when using the Mann–Whitney U test. On the other hand, in the pSjS group, salivalevels of TNF-α and caspase-1 were also significantly higher compared to the RA group using Student’s t-test. In the pSjS group, thoseparameters did not show any correlation with disease duration, seropositivity, and smoking.Conclusion: Despite low disease activity, saliva TNF-α and caspase-1 levels were found to be significantly higher in the pSjS group,which may suggest a possible advantage of local anticytokine treatments in selected cases.

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