Berrak GÜVEN, Şanser GÜL, Evren AYDOĞMUŞ, Burak BAHADIR, Çağatay BÜYÜKUYSAL

Neuroprotective effects of quercetin on cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in rats

Background/aim: We examined the protective effects of the natural flavonoid, quercetin, against cerebral vasospasm in an experimentalrat subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) model.Materials and methods: Thirty-eight albino Wistar rats were divided into five groups as follows: group 1 (G1, n=8), no experimentalintervention; group 2 (G2, n=8), subarachnoid physiological saline; group 3 (G3, n=8), SAH; group 4 (G4, n=7) SAH and low-dose (10mg/kg) quercetin treatment; group 5 (G5, n=7), SAH and high-dose (50 mg/kg) quercetin treatment. Subarachnoid haemorrhage wasinduced by injection of 0.15 cc of autologous blood taken from the tail artery into the cisterna magna from the craniocervical junctionand basilar arteries and blood samples were taken for biochemical and histopathological analyses.Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher in G2 and G3 than in G1 (P < 0.05). Significant decreases in MDAwere observed in G4 and G5 compared with G2 (P < 0.05, G4–G2; P < 0.05, G5–G2). There were no significant differences between G2and G3 or among G1, G4, and G5. No statistically significant differences were found in total antioxidant capacity between the groups (P> 0.05). There were no significant differences in basilar artery (BA) wall thickness between G3 and G4 or between G3 and G5, but G4and G5 showed greater luminal diameters than G3 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in BA thickness or luminal diameterbetween G4 and G5.Conclusion: Our results suggested that quercetin may be beneficial in SAH therapy by preventing vasospasm.

PDF

___

1. Aydogmus E, Gul S, Bahadir B. Neuroprotective effects of hesperidin on cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats: biochemical, pathologic, and histomorphometric analysis. World Neurosurgery 2019; 122: e1332-e1337. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.11.043
2. Macdonald RL. Management of cerebral vasospasm. Neurosurgical Review 2006; 29: 179-193. doi: 10.1007/s10143- 005-0013-5
3. Gul S, Bahadir B, Hanci V, Bektas S, Can M et al. Effect of vardenafil on cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2010 17(8): 1038-1041. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.02.001
4. Dong YS, Wang JL, Feng DY, Qin HZ, Wen H et al. Protective effect of quercetin against oxidative stress and brain edema in an experimental rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. International Journal of Medical Sciences 2014; 11(3): 282-290. doi: 10.7150/ijms.7634
5. Bederson JB, Germano IM, Guarino L. Cortical blood flow and cerebral perfusion pressure in a new noncraniotomy model of subarachnoid hemorrhage in the rat. Stroke 1995; 26: 1086-1092. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.26.6.1086
6. Treggiari-Venzi MM, Suter PM, Romand JA. Review of medical prevention of vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a problem of neurointensive care. Neurosurgery 2001; 48: 249-262. doi: 10.1097/00006123-200102000-00001
7. Emerit J, Edeas M, Bricaire F. Neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2004; 58: 39-46. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2003.11.004
8. Zhang L, Zhang Z, Zhang RL, Cui Y, LaPointe MC et al. Tadalafil, a long-acting type 5 phosphodiesterase isoenzyme inhibitor, improves neurological functional recovery in a rat model of embolic stroke. Brain Research 2006; 1118: 192-198.doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.028
9. Gaur V, Kumar A. Hesperidin pre-treatment attenuates NOmediated cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury and memory dysfunction. Pharmacological Reports 2010; 62: 635-648. doi: 10.1016/S1734-1140(10)70321-2
10. Carrasco-Pozo C, Mizgier ML, Speisky H, Gotteland M. Differential protective effects of quercetin, resveratrol, rutin and epigallocatechin gallate against mitochondrial dysfunction induced by indomethacin in Caco-2 cells. Chemico-Biological Interactions 2012; 195: 199-205. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.12.007
11. Cho JY, Kim IS, Jang YH, Kim AR, Lee SR. Protective effect of quercetin, a natural flavonoid against neuronal damage after transient global cerebral ischemia. Neuroscience Letters 2006; 404(3): 330-335. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.06.010
12. Ansari MA, Abdul HM, Joshi G, Opii WO, Butterfield DA. Protective effect of quercetin in primary neurons against Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2009; 20: 269-275. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.03.002
13. Boots AW, Haenen GR, Bast A. Health effects of quercetin: from antioxidant to nutraceutical. European Journal of Pharmacology 2008; 585: 325-337. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.03.008
14. Mira L, Fernandez MT, Santos M, Rocha R, Florêncio MH. Interactions of flavonoids with iron and copper ions: a mechanism for their antioxidant activity. Free Radical Research 2002; 36: 1199-1208. doi: 10.1080/1071576021000016463
15. Bindoli A, Valente M, Cavallin L. Inhibitory action of quercetin on xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase activity. Pharmacological Research Communications 1985; 17: 831- 839. doi: 10.1016/0031-6989(85)90041-4
16. Dumont AS, Dumont RJ, Chow MM, Lin CL, Calisaneller T et al. Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: putative role of inflammation. Neurosurgery 2003; 53: 123- 133. doi: 10.1227/01.neu.0000068863.37133.9e