Mehmet GÜL, Filiz ACUN KAYA, Engin DEVECİ, Abdulsamet TANIK, Sevgi İRTEGÜN KANDEMİR, Veysi AKPOLAT, Arzum Güler DOĞRU, Ebru SARIBAŞ

Investigation of the effect of combined use of alloplastic-based tricalcium phosphate bone graft and antihemorrhagic plant extract (ABS) on bone regeneration in surgically induced bone defects in nondiabetic rats: an experimental animal study

Background/aim: In this experimental study, we aimed to evaluate the late period effects of the combination of Ankaferd BloodStopper (ABS), which has bone wound healing effects, and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) on the regeneration of bone tissue throughhistopathological, immunohistochemical, and radiological (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry - DEXA) methods in nondiabetic rats.Materials and methods: Sixty-four Wistar albino male rats were used. In the calvaria of the rats, a bone defect 7.0 mm in diameter wascreated. These rats were divided into 4 different groups. Group 1 was the control group without any treatment, a 0.125 mL Β-TCP graftwas applied to Group 2, a 0.125 mL ABS was applied to Group 3, and a 0.125 mL (β-TCP + ABS) mixture was applied to group 4. Halfof the rats were sacrificed on day 28 and the other half on day 56. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and DEXA analyses of thespecimens were performed after the experiment.Results: As a result of the histopathological analysis, osteoblastic activity and new bone formation were found to be significantly higherin Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 than the control group on day 28 (P < 0.05). However, inflammatory cell infiltration and vasculardilatation and hemorrhage decreased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The histopathological analysis in rats onday 56 showed that osteoblastic activity in Group 2 and Group 4 was significantly higher than in the control group, but there was astatistically significant decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration and vascular dilatation and hemorrhage compared to the control group(P < 0.05). New bone formation in Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 was significantly higher than in the control group. Western blottingfindings revealed that the osteonectin and osteopontin expression on day 28 was increased significantly in Group 2 and Group 4. DEXAanalyses revealed that BMC values in Group 2 and Group 4 on day 28 were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in bone mineral density values on the 28th and 56th days (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The use of both β-TCP + ABS and only ABS had positive effects on wound healing and bone formation in nondiabetic rats.

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