Glucagon and somatostatin are naturally occurring peptide hormones. While glucagon is a potent mesenteric vasodilator somatostatin and its analogue octreotide decrease superior mesenteric blood flow. We intended to investigate histopathologically the effects of these two hormones on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Twentyfour rats were divided into 3 groups each containing 8 rats. In all groups fasting rats were anesthetized with ketamine H Cl. A midline laparotomy was performed, and a short small bowel segment was exposed to 3 hr of total vascular occlusion with a rubber band. Three hours later, reperfusion was provided, and a different agent was injected subcutaneously in each group. In group I (control), serum physiologic was injected, in group II, 0.2 mg/kg glucagon was injected, and in group III. 10 mg/ kg octreotide was injected. Sixty minutes later, the ischemic intestines were removed and investigated histopathologically with respect to mucosal oedema, congestion, haemorrhagie, erosion, inflammatory cell infiltration, and villus atrophy. In the glucagontreated and octreotide-treated group. mucosal erosion, villus atrophy and haemorrrhagie were significantly lower than those of the control group, We concluded that glucagon and octreotide improve the ischemiareperfusion injury of small intestine in rats.