Yusuf POLAT, Aysun KARABULUT, Meral TÜRK, Yasemin IŞIK BALCI

Evaluation of rubella, Toxoplasma gondii, and cytomegalovirus seroprevalences among pregnant women in Denizli province

Amaç: Türkiye’de gebe kadınlarda rubella, Toxoplasma gondii ve sitomegalovirus (CMV) enfeksiyonları için, ulusal bir tarama programı yoktur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bölgemizde gebe kadınlarda rubella, Toxoplasma gondii ve CMV seroprevalansını belirlemek ve ülkemizin farklı bölgelerinden seroprevalans değerlerini bildiren ilgili literatürü gözden geçirmektir. Yöntem ve gereç: Nisan 2008 ve Nisan 2009 tarihleri arasında, gebeliğin ilk trimesterindeki 1268 kadın rubella, 1102 kadın toxoplasma, 1000 kadın da CMV seroprevalansı açısından incelendi. Toxoplasma ve rubella IgM ve IgG antikorları immünometrik tekniğe dayalı otomatik Vitros ECiQ sistemi ile, CMV IgM ve IgG antikorları ise Chorus enzim immünoassay yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinden seroprevalans değerlerini bildiren ilgili literatür gözden geçirildi. Bulgular: Bin-ikiyüz-altı (% 95,1) kadında rubella IgG pozitif saptanırken hiçbir kadında IgM pozitifliği saptanmadı. CMV IgG ve IgM pozitifliği sırasıyla 987 (% 98,7) ve 12 (% 1,2) hastada saptandı. Toksoplazma için incelenen 1102 kadından, 408’inde (% 37) toksoplazma IgG, 15’inde (% 1,4) toksoplazma IgM pozitifti. Türkiye’den bildirilen literatür gözden geçirildiğinde rubella seropozitifliğinin % 92,6 - 97,3 arasında, CMV seropozitifliğinin %93,5 - 96,1 arasında ve toxoplasma seropozitifliğinin % 30,7 - 69,5 arasında değiştiği gözlendi. Sonuç: Türkiye’deki yüksek rubella ve CMV seropozitifliği, kadınların çoğunun doğurganlık yaşından önce bu virüslere maruz kaldığını göstermektedir. Rubella ve CMV seroprevalansı rölatif olarak homojen bir dağılım gösterirken, toxoplasma seroprevalansı bölgesel farklılıklar göstermektedir.

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