Mehmet Erkut KARA, Fatih ÖZCURA, Sema Oruç DÜNDAR, İbrahim METEOĞLU

Effects of long-term passive smoking on vascular endothelial growth factor and apoptosis markers expression in lens and corneal epithelial cells: An experimental study

Amaç: Sigaranın lens ve kornea epitel hücrelerinde vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü (VEBF) ve apoptozis üzerine etkisini belirlemek. Yöntem ve gereç: Çalışmaya 38 adet Sprague–Dawley rat alındı. Ratlar randomize olarak dört gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1 (erkek) ve 2 (dişi) doğumdan sonra 21. günden itibaren sigaraya maruz bırakılırken grup 3 (erkek) ve 4 (dişi) sigaraya maruz bırakılmadı. Dördüncü ayın sonunda tüm ratların sağ gözü enüklee edildi. Enüklee edilen gözlerde VEBF ve apoptozis markerları (kaspaz-3, Bcl-X, ve p53) yönünden immünohistokimyasal analiz yapıldı. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılarak yapıldı.Bulgular: Sigaraya maruz kalan ve kalmayan ratların lens epitel hücrelerinde VEBF ve apoptozis markerları yönünden anlamlı fark yoktu. Bununla birlikte, kornea epitel hücrelerinde sigaraya maruz kalan dişi ratlarda anlamlı VEBF artışı varken apoptozis markerları açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark yoktu. Sonuç: Bulgularımız sigaranın lens epitel hücrelerinde VEBF ve apoptozis markerlarını etkilemediğini fakat dişi ratların kornea epitel hücrelerinde anlamlı VEBF artışı yaptığını gösterdi. Sigaraya bağlı kuru göz semptomlarındaki artışın VEBF’ye bağlı olarak oküler yüzeydeki damarların permeabilitesinin değişmesi sonucu gözyaşı bileşimde oluşacak farklılıktan kaynaklanabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.

Uzun dönem pasif sigara maruziyetinin lens ve kornea epitel hücrelerinde vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü ve apoptozis markerları üzerine etkisi: Deneysel çalışma

Aim: To determine the effects of smoking on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and apoptosis in lens and corneal epithelial cells.Materials and methods: This experimental study included 38 Sprague–Dawley rats. Rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups. Groups 1 (males) and 2 (females) were exposed to smoke beginning on the 21st day after birth, whereas groups 3 (males) and 4 (females) were not exposed to smoke. At the end of the fourth month, right eyes of all rats were enucleated. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed in enucleated eyes in terms of VEGF and apoptosis markers, namely caspase-3, Bcl-X, and p53. Comparisons between the groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test.Results: There was no significant difference in the lens epithelial cells in terms of VEGF and apoptosis markers between the rats exposed to smoking and those not exposed. However, there was a significant increase in VEGF expression among female rats exposed to smoking while there was no significant difference in terms of apoptosis markers between the groups in corneal epithelial cells. Conclusion: Our findings show that smoking does not affect the VEGF and apoptosis markers in lens epithelial cells, but it significantly increases the VEGF expression in corneal epithelial cells among female rats. In our opinion, the increase in the dry eye symptoms due to smoking may be caused by the differences in tear composition from change in permeability of the ocular surface vessels related to VEGF.

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