Effect of cineole, alpha-pinene, and camphor on survivability of skin flaps
Effect of cineole, alpha-pinene, and camphor on survivability of skin flaps
Background/aim: The aim of this study was to determine the specific component of Rosmarinus officinalis (RO) responsible forincreased flap survival and how RO displays its efficacy.Materials and methods: Rectangular random-pattern flaps were elevated from the back of each rat. Group I was the control group. Ingroup II 0.1 mL of cineole, in group III 0.1 mL of alpha-pinene, in group IV 0.1 mL of camphor, in group V 0.1 mL each of alpha-pineneand cineole, in group VI 0.1 mL each of alpha-pinene and camphor, in group VII 0.1 mL each of cineole and camphor, and in group VIII,0.1 mL each of alpha-pinene, cineole, and camphor was orally administered once a day before surgery. The luminal area of the largestblood vessel in the proximal flap was measured. Interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, andvascular endothelial growth factor values were measured.Results: The mean percentage of the viable surface area was significantly greater in groups VIII, III, and V. The mean percentage of vesseldiameter was significantly greater in groups V, VIII, and VII.Conclusion: We suggest that alpha-pinene and cineole were the components of RO that were responsible for increased flap survival. Themost effective of feature of RO was the antiinflammatory effects.
___
- Smith JD, Pribaz JJ. Flaps. In: Plastic Surgery Indications,
Operations and Outcomes. Achauer BM, Eriksson E, Wilkins
EG, Vandekam VM, editors. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO, USA:
Mosby, 2000. pp. 261-290.
- Karacaoglu E, Yuksel F, Turan SO, Zienowicz RJ. Chemical
delay: an alternative to surgical delay experimental study. Ann
Plast Surg 2002; 49: 73-81.
- Kose R, Yildirim AM, Okur MI, Tugrul I. The effects of Nω-
nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) on blood pressure and survival of
the skin flaps in rats. Turk Plast Surg 2010; 18: 6-10.
- Demirel M, Heper AO, Yormuk E. Comparison of
pharmacologic delay operation by local VEGF injection with
other surgical delay procedures on rat dorsal skin flap. Turk
Plast Surg 2010; 18: 24-30.
- Ince B, Yildirim AM, Okur MI, Dadaci M, Yoruk E. Effects
of Rosmarinus officinalis on the survivability of randompatterned
skin flaps: an experimental study. J Plast Surg Hand
Surg 2015; 49: 83-87.
- İnce B, Bilgen F, Gündeşlioğlu AO, Dadacı M, Kozacıoğlu S.
Use of systemic Rosmarinus officinalis to enhance the survival
of random-pattern skin flaps. Balkan Med J 2016; 33: 645-651.
- Bozin B, Mimica N, Samojlik I, Jovin E. Antimicrobial and
antioxidant properties of rosemary and sage (Rosmarinus
officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L, Lamiaceae) essential oils. J
Agric Food Chem 2007; 55: 7879-7885.
- Fu Y, Zu Y, Chen L, Efferth T, Liang H, Liu Z. Investigation
of antibacterial activity of rosemary essential oil against
Propionibacterium acnes with atomic force microscopy. Planta
Med 2007; 73: 1275-1280.
- Luqman S, Dwivedi GR, Darokar MP, Kalra A, Khanuja SP.
Potential of rosemary oil to be used in drug-resistant infections.
Altern Ther Health Med 2007; 13: 54-59.
- Vuuren SF, Suliman S, Viljoen AM. The antimicrobial
activity of four commercial essential oils in combination with
conventional antimicrobials. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009; 48:
440-446.
- Siurin SA. Effects of essential oil on lipid peroxidation and
lipid metabolism in patients with chronic bronchitis. Clin Med
1997; 75: 43-45.
- Bhale SD, Xu Z, Prinyawiwatkul W, King JM, Godber JS.
Oregano and rosemary extracts inhibit oxidation of long-chain
n-3 fatty acids in menhaden oil. J Food Sci 2007; 72: 504-508.
- Huang HC, Huang CY, Lin-Shiau SY, Lin JK. Ursolic acid
inhibits IL-1beta or TNF-alpha-induced C6 glioma invasion
through suppressing the association ZIP/p62 with PKC-zeta
and downregulating the MMP-9 expression. Mol Carcinog
2009; 48: 517-531.
- Posadas SJ, Caz V, Largo C, De la Gándara B, Matallanas B,
Reglero G. Protective effect of supercritical fluid rosemary
extract, Rosmarinus officinalis, on antioxidants of major organs
of aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2009; 44: 383-389.
- Bakırel T, Bakırel U, Keleş OU, Ülgen SG, Yardibi H. In
vivo assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of
rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) in alloxan-diabetic rabbits.
J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 116: 64-73.
- Cheung S, Tai J. Anti-proliferative and antioxidant properties
of rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis. Oncol Rep 2007; 17: 1525-
1531.
- Almela L, Sánchez MB, Fernández JA. Liquid chromatographicmass
spectrometric analysis of phenolics and free radical
scavenging activity of rosemary extract from different raw
material. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1120: 221-229.
- D’Evoli L, Huikko L, Lampi AM, Lucarini M, Lombardi-Boccia
G, Nicoli S. Influence of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis, L.)
on plant sterol oxidation in extra virgin olive oil. Mol Nutr
Food Res 2006; 50: 818-823.
- Peng CH, Su JD, Chyau CC, Sung TY, Ho SS, Peng CC, Peng RY.
Supercritical fluid extracts of rosemary leaves exhibit potent
anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects. Biosci Biotechnol
Biochem 2007; 71: 2223-2232.
- Takaki I, Bersani LE, Vendruscolo A, Sartoretto SM, Diniz
SP, Bersani-Amado CA, Cuman RK. Anti-inflammatory and
antinociceptive effects of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil
in experimental animal models. J Med Food 2008; 11: 741-746.
- Lee JJ, Jin YR, Lee JH, Yu JY, Han XH, Oh KW, Hong JT, Kim
TJ, Yun YP. Antiplatelet activity of carnosic acid, a phenolic
diterpene from Rosmarinus officinalis. Planta Med 2007; 73:
121-127.
- Sylianco CYL. Antimutagenicity of twenty Philippine plants
using the micronucleus test in mice. Philippine J Sci 1998; 51:
878-882.
- Kim HJ, Xu L, Chang KC, Shin SC, Chung JI, Kang D, Kim
SH, Hur JA, Choi TH, Kim S et al. Anti-inflammatory effects
of anthocyanins from black soybean seed coat on the
keratinocytes and ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat skin flaps.
Microsurgery 2012; 32: 563-570.
- Zhang F, Fischer K, Komorowska-Timek E, Guo M, Cui D,
Dorsett-Martin W, Buncke HJ, Lineaweaver WC. Improvement
of skin paddle survival by application of vascular endothelial
growth factor in a rat TRAM flap model. Ann Plast Surg 2001;
46: 314-319.
- Kırpık M. Çukurova Bölgesi kıraç ve taban arazi koşullarında
yetiştirilen biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) çeşitlerinin
verim kalitesi üzerine araştırmalar. Doktora Tezi, Adana:
Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri
Anabilim Dalı, 2005.