In order to determine the prevalence of low bone mineral density in postmenopausal Turkish women, the measurements for the bone mineral densities were determined in 1000 patients with a dual energy X-ray absorbsiometer. The effects of various factors on bone mineral density were also evaluated. The mean age and the duration of menopause were 52.4±5.8 and 5.1±4.7. The prevalence of low bone density was 40.7 %. The mean bone mineral density values of the patients which who previously used oral contraceptives or had hormone replacement therapy of any type at present or in the past were significantly higher than those of the patients which have not received these agents (p