GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CULTIVARS OF Cicer arietinum AND ITS PROGENITOR GROWN IN TURKEY DETERMINED BY USING THE SSR MARKERS

ABSTRACT Genetic characterization plays a key role in chickpea breeding programs since genetic base of the cultivated chickpea is narrow. This study aims to determine the genetic relationships among 23 cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and 2 genotypes of Cicer reticulatum Ladizusing simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers with 10 SSR primer pairs. A total of 58 alleles were detected at 10 loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 11, with an average of 5.8. The polymorphic information (PI) ranged from 0.074 (NCPGR42) to 0.806 (NCPGR28) with an average of 0.42. The genetic similarity among all accessions ranged from 0.10 to 0.90. Genotypes of C. reticulatum were considerably different from the cultivated chickpea. The cultivars of chickpea were divided into four groups while Er99 and Dikbas cultivars were genetically the closest each other. ICC 4958, 'microsperma' or desi' chickpea was found genetically the closest cultivar to Cicer reticulatum. It was suggested that different groups should be crossed in breeding programs to increase variations in chickpeas. Key words: Chickpea, Cicer arietinum, Cicer reticulatum, Genetic relationship, SSR.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

-

Genetic characterization plays a key role in chickpea breeding programs since genetic base of the cultivated chickpea is narrow. This study aims to determine the genetic relationships among 23 cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and 2 genotypes of Cicer reticulatum Ladizusing simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers with 10 SSR primer pairs. A total of 58 alleles were detected at 10 loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 11, with an average of 5.8. The polymorphic information (PI) ranged from 0.074 (NCPGR42) to 0.806 (NCPGR28) with an average of 0.42. The genetic similarity among all accessions ranged from 0.10 to 0.90. Genotypes of C. reticulatum were considerably different from the cultivated chickpea. The cultivars of chickpea were divided into four groups while Er99 and Dikbas cultivars were genetically the closest each other. ICC 4958, 'microsperma' or desi' chickpea was found genetically the closest cultivar to Cicer reticulatum. It was suggested that different groups should be crossed in breeding programs to increase variations in chickpeas

Keywords:

Chickpea, Cicer arietinum, Cicer reticulatum, Genetic relationship SSR,

PDF

___

LITERATURE CITED
Atalay, E. and M. Babaoglu. 2012. Determination of genetic relationship in Turkish chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes using SSR molecular markers and capillary electrophoresis. J Anim Plant Sci 22: 369-375.
Cagirgan, M.I., C. Toker, M. Karhan, M. Aksu, S. Ulger and H. Canci. 2011. Assessment of endogenous organic acid levels in Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr.) susceptible and resistant Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) Turk J Field Crops 16: 121-124.
Cagirgan, M.I., C. Toker, S. Ulger and M. Karhan. 2012. Determination of endogenous hormone levels in Ascochyta blight [Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr.] susceptible and resistant chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) Turk J Field Crops. 17: 5-9.
Canci, H. and C. Toker. 2009. Evaluation of yield criteria for drought and heat resistance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). J Agron Crop Sci 195: 47–54.
Cevik, S., A. Yildizli, G. Yandim, H. Goksu, M.S. Gultekin, A. Guzel Deger, A. Celik, N. Simsek Kus and S. Unyayar. 2014. Some synthetic cyclitol derivatives alleviate the effect of water deficit in cultivated and wild-type chickpea species. J Plant Phys. 171: 807-816.
Choudhary, S., R. Gaur, S. Gupta and S. Bhatia, 2012. EST-derived genic molecular markers: development and utilization for generating an advanced transcript map of chickpea. TeorAppl Gen 124: 1449-1462.
Huttel, B., P. Winter, K. Weising, W. Choumane, F. Weigand and G. Kahl, 1999. Sequence-tagged microsatellite site markers for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Genome 42: 210-217.
Jiang, G.L.2013. Molecular markers and Marker-assisted breeding in plants. In: Sven Bode Andersen, editor. Agricultural and Biological Sciences: Plant Breeding from Laboratories to Fields. 1st edition. Chapter 3. Brookings, USA.
Lefort, F. and K.A.R. Angelakis.2001. Genetic comparison of Greek cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. by nuclear microsatellite profiling. Am J EnolVitic 52: 101–108.
Naghavi, M.R., S, Rashidi Monfared and G. Humberto.2012. Genetic diversity in Iranian Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) landraces as revealed by microsatellite markers. Czech J Gen Plant Breed 48: 131–138.
Nguyen, T.T., P.W.J. Taylor, R.J. Redden and R. Ford. 2004. Genetic diversity estimates in Cicerusing AFLP analysis. Plant Breed 123: 173-179.
Ozalkan, C., H.T. Sepetoglu, I. Daur and O.F. Sen, 2010. Relationship between some plant growth parameters and grain yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during different growth stages. Turkish J Field Crops, 15 (1): 79-83.
Radhika, P., S.J.M. Gowda, N.Y. Kadoo, L.B. Mhase, B.M. Jamadagni, M.N. Sainani, S. Chandra and V.S. Gupta. 2007. Development of an integrated intraspecific map of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using two recombinant inbred line populations. Theor Appl Gen115: 209-216.
Rao, L.S., P.U. Rani, P.S. Deshmukh, P.A. Kumar and S.K. Panguluri.2007. RAPD and ISSR fingerprinting in cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) and its wild progenitor Cicer reticulatum Ladizinsky. Genet Res Crop Evol54: 1235-1244.
Saeed, A,, R. Darvishzadeh and A. Basirnia. 2013. Simple sequence repeat markers associated with agro-morphological traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Zem-Agri 100: 433–440.
Sefera, T., B.Abebie, P.M. Gaur, K. Assefa and K.V. Rejeev. 2011. Characterization and genetic diversity analysis of selected chickpea cultivars of nine countries using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Crop Pasture Sci62: 177-187.
Sepetoglu, H.T., M. Altinbas and I. Daur. 2008. Uptake of some essential nutrients in chickpea during different growth stages in relation to biomass yield. Turk J Field Crops 13: 1-11.
Serret, M.D., S.M. Udupa and F. Weigand.1997. Assessment of genetic diversity of cultivated chickpea using microsatellite-drived RFLP markers: Implications for origin. Plant Breed 116: 573-578.
Sethy, N.K., B. Shokeen, K.J. Edwards and S. Bhatia.2006. Development of microsatellite markers and analysis of intraspecific genetic variability in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Theor Appl Gen 112: 1416-1428.
Singh, K.B., B. Ocampo and L.D. Robertson. 1998. Diversity for abiotic and biotic stress resistance in the wild annual Cicer species. Gen. Resources and Crop Evolution 45: 9-17.
Singh, R., C.D. Prasad, V. Singhal and G.J. Randhawa. 2003. Assessment of genetic diversity in chickpea cultivars using RAPD, AFLP and STMS markers. J Ge Breed 57: 165-174.
Singh, R., V. Singhal and G.J. Randhawa. 2008. Molecular analysis of chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) cultivars using AFLP and STMS markers. J P Bioch Biotech 17: 167-171.
Sudupak, M.A., M.Akkaya and A. Kence. 2002. Analysis of genetic relationships among perennial and annual Cicer species growing in Turkey using RAPD markers. TheorAppl Gen 105: 1220-1228.
Sudupak, M.A., M. Akkaya and A. Kence. 2004. Genetic relationships among perennial and annual Cicer species growing in Turkey assessed by AFLP fingerprinting. TheorAppl Gen 108: 937-944.
Sudupak, M.A. 2013. SSR-based genetic diversity assessment of Turkish Chickpea varieties. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 27: 4087-4090.
Tar’an, B., T. Warkentin, A. Tulu and A. Vandenberg. 2007. Genetic relationships among Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes based on the SSRs at the quantitative trait Loci for resistance to Ascochyta Blight. Eur J of Plant Patho 51: 119-139.
Toker, C., H. Canci and F.O. Ceylan. 2006. Estimation of outcrossing rate in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) sown in autumn. Euphytica 151: 201-205.
Toker, C., H. Canci, N.E. İnci, F.O. Ceylan, B. Uzun, S. Sonmez, S. Citak, and C. Ikten. 2012. Pyramiding of the resistance to fe-deficiency chlorosis and leaf miner (Liriomyza cicerina ROND.) in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by mutation breeding. Turk J Field Crops 17: 41-45.
Toker, C., C. Ikten, F.O. Ceylan, E. Bolucek and B. Uzun. 2013. Genetic relationship between transgressive segregations and genetic distance based on SSR markers in cicer species. Current opinion in biotechnology 24: 38-39.
Udupa, S.M., L.D. Robertson, F. Weigand, M. Baum and G. Kahl. 1999. Allelic variation at (TAA)n microsatellite loci in a world collection of chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) germplasm. Mol Gen Genet 261: 354-363.
Weiguo, Z., Z. Zhihua, M. Xuexia, Z. Yong, W. Sibao, H. Jianhua, X. Hui, P. Yile and H. Yongping.2007. A comparison of genetic variation among wild and cultivated Morus Species (Moraceae: Morus) as revealed by ISSR and SSR markers. Biodi and Con 16: 275-290.