PAPR reduction using genetic algorithm in lifting-based wavelet packet modulation systems
PAPR reduction using genetic algorithm in lifting-based wavelet packet modulation systems
Wavelet packet modulation (WPM) is a potential candidate in wireless communication systems by virtue of its flexibility and modular implementation capability. However, WPM suffers from high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), which results in signal distortion when a high-power amplifier is employed at the transmitter. The partial transmit sequence (PTS) is an attractive PAPR reduction method, but its computational complexity is high. In this paper, we propose a PTS based on the genetic algorithm (GA) scheme (GA-PTS) to reduce the computational complexity of the PTS in the lifting-based WPM (LBWPM) systems. Simulation results show that the proposed GA-PTS scheme provides significant improvement in PAPR reduction while maintaining a low computational load. The cumulative distribution function performance of the LBWPM system is better than the performance of the classical WPM.
___
- [1] Bingham JAC. Multicarrier modulation for data transmission: an idea whose time has come. IEEE Commun Mag 1990; 28: 514.
- [2] Han SH, Lee JH. PAPR reduction of OFDM signals using a reduced complexity PTS technique. IEEE Signal Proc Let 2004; 11: 887890.
- [3] Han SH, Lee JH. An overview of peak-to-average power ratio reduction techniques for multicarrier transmission. IEEE T Wirel Commun 2005; 12: 5665.
- [4] M¨uller SH, Huber JB. OFDM with reduced peak-to-average power ratio by optimum combination of partial transmit sequences. Electron Lett 1997; 33: 368369.
- [5] Sweldens W. The lifting scheme: a construction of second generation wavelets. SIAM J Math Anal 1998; 29: 511546.
- [6] Boix M, Cant´o B. Wavelet transform application to the compression of images. Math Comput Model 2010; 52: 12651270.
- [7] Daubechies I, Sweldens W. Factoring wavelet transforms into lifting steps. J Fourier Anal Appl 1998; 4: 247269.
- [8] Abd El-Hamed MA, Dessouky MI, Shawkil F, Abd El-Samie FE, Ibrahim MK. Integer wavelet transform for SCFDMA system. In: 8th International Conference on Informatics and Systems; 1416 May 2012; Cairo, Egypt. New York, NY, USA: IEEE. pp. 2635.
- [9] Wang Y, Chen W, Tellambura C. Genetic algorithm based nearly optimal peak reduction tone selection for adaptive amplitude clipping PAPR reduction. IEEE T Broadcast 2012; 58: 462471.
- [10] Li X, Cimini LJ. Effect of clipping and filtering on the performance of OFDM. IEEE Commun Lett 1998; 2: 131133.
- [11] Chen JC, Wen CK. PAPR reduction of OFDM signal using cross-entropy-based tone injection schemes. IEEE Signal Proc Let 2010; 17: 727730.
- [12] Chen JC, Li CP. Tone reservation using near-optimal peak reduction tone set selection algorithm for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems. IEEE Signal Proc Let 2010; 17: 933936.
- [13] Jones AE, Wilkinson TA, Barton SK. Block coding scheme for reduction of peak to mean envelope power ratio of multicarrier transmission scheme. Electron Lett 1994; 30: 20982099.
- [14] Chen G, Ansari R, Yingwei Y. Improved peak windowing for PAPR reduction in OFDM. In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference; 2629 April 2009; Barcelona, Spain. New York, NY, USA: IEEE. pp. 15.
- [15] Krongold BS, Jones DL. PAR reduction in OFDM via active constellation extension. IEEE T Broadcast 2003; 49: 258268.
- [16] Jayalath ADS, Tellambura C. Reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of an OFDM signal through bit or symbol interleaving. Electron Lett 2000; 36: 11611163.
- [17] Jie Y, Lei C, Quan L, De C. A modified selected mapping technique to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio of OFDM signal. IEEE T Consum Electr 2007; 53: 846851.
- [18] Chen JC. Partial transmit sequences for PAPR reduction of OFDM signals with stochastic optimization techniques. IEEE T Consum Electr 2010; 56: 12291234.
- [19] Lei L, Wang Q, Lu CY, Li L. A low complexity PTS phase coefficient searching algorithm for OFDM system. In: 5th International Conference on Wireless Communications Networking and Mobile Computing; 2426 September 2009; Beijing, China. New York, NY, USA: IEEE. pp. 14.
- [20] Lixia M, Murroni M. Peak-to-average power ratio reduction in multi-carrier system using genetic algorithms. IET Signal Process 2011; 5: 356363.
- [21] Ta¸spınar N, Karabo˘ga D, Yıldırım M, Akay B. PAPR reduction using artificial bee colony algorithm in OFDM systems. Turk J Electr Eng Co 2011; 19: 4758.
- [22] Jain C, Chaudhary V, Jain K, Karsoliya S. Performance analysis of integer wavelet transform for image compression. In: 3rd International Conference on Electronics Computer Technology; 810 April 2011; Kanyakumari, India. New York, NY, USA: IEEE. pp. 244246.
- [23] Lixia M, Murroni M, Popescu V. PAPR reduction in multicarrier modulations using genetic algorithms. In: 12th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment; 2022 May 2010; Brasov, Romania. New York, NY, USA: IEEE. pp. 938942.
- [24] Liang H, Chen Y, Huang Y, Cheng C. A modified genetic algorithm PTS technique for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems. In: 15th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications; 810 October 2009; Shanghai, China. New York,NY, USA: IEEE. pp 182185.
- [25] Falehi AD, Rostami M, Doroudi A, Ashrafian A. Optimization and coordination of SVC-based supplementary controllers and PSSs to improve power system stability using a genetic algorithm. Turk J Electr Eng Co 2012; 20: 639654.