Hülya CENK, Şule GÖKŞİN, Işıl Göğem İMREN

Diskoid Lupus Eritematozus Hastalarının Klinikoepidemiyolojik Profili ve Sistemik Hastalıklarla İlişkisi

Amaç: Lupus eritematozus (LE), kütanöz ve sistemik tipleri olan otoimmun bir hastalıktır. Diskoid LE (DLE), en sık görülenkutanöz formudur. DLE lezyonlarının çoğu güneş gören yerlerde lokalizedir.DLE hastalarının %5-30’u sistemik LE (SLE)’ye ilerleyebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, DLE hastaları SLE bulguları açısındandikkatlice değerlendirilmelidir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 2004-2020 yılları arasında, 18 yaş üzeri 67 DLE hastası dahil edildi. Hastaların demografikbilgileri, eşlik eden hastalıkları ve kan değerleri kaydedildi. Hamileler çalışma dışında bırakıldı.Veriler SPSS 25.0 programıyla analiz edildi. Kategorik veriler, Pearson ki-kare testi (gerektiğinde Fischer’ın kesin testi),kantitatif veriler bağımsız T-testi ile değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Çalışmada, yaş ortalamaları 41.94±13.85 olan 23 kadın (34.3%), 44 erkek (65.7%) hasta bulunmaktaydı. ANApozitifliği, benekli tarzda ANA pozitifliği, SS-A pozitifliği ve otoimmun hastalık öyküsünün anlamlı bir şekilde SLE’yeilerleme ile ilişkili olduğu görüldü (sırasıyla p:0,024; 0,007; 0,000; 0,021).Sonuç: Generalize lezyonlar, ANA pozitifliği, eklem ağrısı, anemi, lökopeni, trombositopeni ve artmış sedimentasyon hızıgibi bulguların SLE’ye ilerleyen hastaların tespitinde yardımcı rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmamızda otoimmunhastalık öyküsü, ANA (özellikle benekli tipte) ve SS-A pozitifliğinin SLE’ye ilerleme ile ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir.SLE’ye ilerleme konusunda dikkat edilmesi gereken özelliklerin bilinmesiyle, riskli hastaların tespiti ve yakın takibininsağlanabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

diskoid lupus eritematozus, sistemik lupus eritematozus, DLE, SLE, SLE’ye ilerleme, sistemik hastalık

Clinicoepidemiologic profile of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus and Its Relationship with Systemic Diseases

Aim: Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune disease with cutaneous and systemic forms. Discoid lupus erythematosus(DLE) is the most common type of cutaneous LE. The majority of DLE lesions are localized in the sun-exposed areas.DLE patients may progress to systemic LE (SLE) with a range of 5-30%. Therefore, patients with DLE should be monitoredcarefully in terms of SLE findings.Materials and Methods: Sixty-seven patients with DLE aged above 18 years were included in the study, between theyears of 2004 and 2020. Demographic data, accompanying diseases, and blood values were recorded. Pregnant womenwere not included in the study.Data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 program. Pearson's chi-square test (and Fischer's exact test when relevant) was usedfor the analysis of categorical variables, and independent sample T-test for quantitative variables.Results: The study included 23 women (34.3%) and 44 men (65.7%) with a mean age of 41.94±13.85 years. We found thatantinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity, speckled patern ANA, SS-A positivity, and a history of autoimmune disease weresignificantly related to SLE progression (p:0,024; 0,007; 0,000; 0,021, respectively).Conclusion: Generalized lesions, ANA positivity, joint pain, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and increasedsedimentation rates are considered to be indicative of SLE progression. We found that a history of autoimmune disease, ANA(especially speckled pattern) positivity, and SS-A positivity may be related to SLE progression. We think that being aware ofthe predictive features for the SLE progression will enable determining risky patients and monitoring them closely.

Keywords:

discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, DLE, SLE, sytstemic disease,

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