Screening of yeast isolates from flowers for effective ethanol production

The use of alternative substrates to produce biofuel is a striking option nowadays. This study aimed to screen bioethanol- producing yeast strains. From different flowers, 65 yeasts were isolated. Twelve isolates assimilated glucose by liberation of CO 2 anaerobically. Out of these, only 5 yeast isolates fermented glucose in medium consisting of 0.8 g/L Mg 2+ions to produce 2.05 ±0.03% ethanol. The selected five strains were identified as members of the generaMetschnikowiaorMeyerozymabased on molecularcharacterization. Selected yeast strains were used for conversion of rice into bioethanol following dilute acid hydrolysis and fermentation.Consistent ethanol production was 1.80 ± 0.05% at days 2 4 byMetschnikowia cibodasensisY34 and 2.20 ± 0.21% byMeyerozymacaribicaY42 at days 4 6 with a gradual decrease at the time of experiment termination (day 10).Metschnikowia cibodasensisY34 andMeyerozyma caribicaY42 produced the highest ethanol at pH 3, i.e. 1.75 ± 0.14% at days 3 and 5 and 2.05 ± 0.14% at days 1 and 3,respectively, upon incubation with different pH levels and 1% NaCl. Growth and ethanol production at pH 4 and 5 was close to that atpH 3, with a slight increase in production byMetschnikowia cibodasensisY34 at pH 4 up to day 3.

PDF

___

Agrawal M, Pradeep S, Chandraraj K, Gummadi SN (2005). Hydrolysis of starch by amylase from Bacillus sp. KCA102: a statistical approach. Process Biochem 40: 2499-2507.
Agu RC, Amadife AE, Ude CM, Onyia A, Ogu EO, Okafor M, Ezejiofor E (1997). Combined heat treatment and acid hydrolysis of cassava grate waste (CGW) biomass for ethanol production. Waste Manage 17: 91-96.
Arisa Y (2005). Alcoholic fermentation from food leftover by salt and acid tolerant yeast. MSc, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.
Bai FW, Anderson WA, Moo-Young M (2008). Ethanol fermentation technologies from sugar and starch feedstocks. Biotechnol Adv 26: 89-105.
Behera S, Ray RC, Mohanty RC (2010). Comparative study of bioethanol production from mahula ( Madhuca latifolia L.) flowers by immobilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zymomonas mobilis in calcium alginate beads. J Sci Ind Res 69: 472-475.
Bhadra B, Rao SR, Singh PK, Sarkar PK, Shivaji S (2008). Yeasts and yeast-like fungi associated with the bark of trees: diversity of yeasts and identification of yeasts producing extracellular endoxylanases. Curr Microbiol 56: 489-494.
Bonciu C, Tabacaru C, Bahrim G (2010). Yeasts isolation and selection for bioethanol Production from inulin hydrolysates. Innov Romanian Food Biotechnol 6: 29-34.
Briggs DE, Boulton CA, Brookes PA, Stevens R (2004). Brewing Science and Practice. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead. Demirkan ES, Mikami B, Adachi M, Higasa T, S. Utsumi S (2005). ɑ-Amylase from B. amyloliquefaciens : purification, characterization, raw starch degradation and expression in E. coli . Process Biochem 40: 2629-2636.
Duszkiewicz-Reinhard W, Gniewosz M, Blazejak S, Bankowsk A (2005). Studies into Saccharomyces cerevisiae bakers yeast capacity for binding magnesium under batch conditions. Pol J Food Nut Sci 14: 249-255.
Ghassem T, Sadat DA, Kulkarni DK (2012). Optimization of yeast for ethanol production. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 3: 95-97.
Gohel V, Duan G (2012). No-cook process for ethanol production using Indian broken rice and pearl millet. International Journal of Microbiology 2012: 680232. Hisamatsu M, Furubayashi T, Karita S, Mishima T, Isono N (2006). Isolation and identification of a novel yeast fermenting ethanol under acidic condition. J Appl Glycosci 53: 111-113.
Ibeto CN, Ofoefule AU, Agbo KE (2011). A global overview of biomass potentials for bioethanol production: a renewable alternative fuel. Trends in Applied Sciences Research 6: 410- 425.
Isono N, Hayakawa H, Usami A, Mishima T, Hisamatsu M (2012). A comparative study of ethanol production by Issatchenkia orientalis strains under stress conditions. J Biosci Bioeng 113: 76-78.
Kleih U, Ravi SB, Rao BD, Yoganand B (2007). Industrial utilization of sorghum in India. SAT eJournal 3: 1-37.
Lachance MA, Starmer WT, Rosa CA, Bowles JM, Barker JSF, Janzen DH (2001). Biogeography of the yeasts of ephemeral flowers and their insects. FEMS Yeast Res 1: 1-8.
Li H, Veenendaal E, Shukor NA, Cobbinah JR, Leifert C (2008). Yeast populations on the tropical timber tree species Milicia excels . Lett Appl Microbiol 21: 322-326.
Limtong S, Sringiewa C, Yongmanitchai W (2007). Production of fuel ethanol at high temperature from sugar cane juice by a newly isolated Kluyveromyces marxianus . Bioresource Technol 98: 3367-3374.
Mandels M, Reese ET (1999). Fungal cellulases and the microbial decomposition of cellulosic fabric. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 22: 225-240.
Manwar JV, Mahadik KR, Sathiyanarayanan L, Paradkar AR, Patil SV (2013). Comparative antioxidant potential of Withania somnifera based herbal formulation prepared by traditional and non-traditional fermentation processes. Integr Med Res 2: 56-61.
Mosier N, Wyman C, Dale B, Elander R, Lee YY, Holtzapple M, Ladisch M (2005). Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Biores Technol 96: 673-686.
Okon AA, Nwabueze TU (2009). Simultaneous effect of divalent cation in hydrolysed cassava starch medium used by immobilized yeast for ethanol production. Afr J Food Sci 3: 217-222.
Omemu AM, Akpan I, Bankole M, Teniola OD (2005). Hydrolysis of raw tuber starches by amylase of Aspergillus niger AM07 isolated from the soil. Afr J Biotechnol 4: 19-25.
Palmqvist E, Hahn-Hagerdal B (2000). Fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates I: Inhibition and detoxification. Biores Technol 74: 17-24.
Pan YC, Lee WC (2005). Production of high-purity isomalto- oligosaccharides syrup by the enzymatic conversion of transglucosidase and fermentation of yeast cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 30: 797-804.
Patle S, Lal B (2008). Investigation of the potential of agro-industrial material as low cost substrate for ethanol production by using Candida tropicalis and Zymomonas mobilis . Biomass Bioenergy 32: 596-602.
Rees EMR, Stewart GG (1997). The effects of increased magnesium and calcium concentrations on yeast fermentation performance in high gravity wort. J Inst Brew 103: 287-291.
Roble ND, Ogbonna JC, Tanaka H 2003). A novel circulating loop bioreactor with cells immobilized in loofa ( Luffa cylindrica ) sponge for the bioconversion of raw cassava starch to ethanol. Appl Microbiol Biotech 60: 671-678.
Scheffers WA (1987). Alcoholic fermentation. Stud Mycol 30: 321- 332. Silva CJSM, Roberto IC (2001). Improvement of xylitol production by Candida uilliermondii FTI 20037 previously adapted to rice straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate. Lett Appl Microbiol 32: 248- 252.
Siripattanakul S, Ratanapongleka K, Sangthean P, Yoottachana K, Pimwongnok K (2010). Fermented rice noodle wastewater treatment and ethanol production potential using entrapped yeast cells. Water Practice Technol 5: 1-7.
Siripattanakul-Ratpukdi S (2012). Ethanol production potential from fermented rice noodle wastewater treatment using entrapped yeast cell sequencing batch reactor. Appl Water Sci 2: 47-53.
Stringini M, Comitini F, Taccari M, Ciani M (2008). Yeast diversity in crop-growing environments in Cameroon. Int J Food Microbiol 127: 184-189.
Sumari D, Hosea KMM, Magingo FSS (2010). Genetic characterization of osmotolerant fermentative Saccharomyces yeasts from Tanzania suitable for industrial very high gravity fermentation. Afr J Microbiol Res 4: 1064-1070.
Tan HT, Lee KT, Mohamed AR (2010). Second-generation bioethanol (SGB) from Malaysian palm empty fruit bunch: energy and energy analyses. Bioresource Technol 101: 5719-5727.
Tikka C, Osuru HP, Atluri N, Raghavulu PVC, Yellapu NK, Mannur IS, Prasad UV, Aluru S, Varma KN, Bhaskar M (2013). Isolation and characterization of ethanol tolerant yeast strains. Bioinformation 9: 421-425.
Tournas VH (2005). Moulds and yeasts in fresh and minimally processed vegetable and sprouts. Int J Food Microbiol 99: 71- 77.
Trofimova Y, Walker GM, Rapoport A (2010). Anhydrobiosis in yeast: influence of calcium and magnesium ions on yeast resistance to dehydration-rehydration. FEMS Microbiol Lett 308: 55-61.
Tsegaye Z (2016). Isolation, identification and characterization of ethanol tolerant yeast species from fruits for production of bioethanol. Int J Mod Chem Appl Sci 3: 437-443.
Udeh HO, Kgatla TE (2013). Role of magnesium ions on yeast performance during very high gravity fermentation. J Brew Dist 4: 19-45.
Van Hanh V, Kim K (2009). Ethanol production from rice winery waste - rice wine cake by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation without cooking. J Microbiol Biotechnol 19: 1161-1168.
Verna G, Nigam P, Singh D, Chaudhary K (2000). Bioconversion of starch to ethanol in a single-step process by coculture of amylolytic yeast and Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Bioresource Te c h n o l 72: 261-266.
Walker GM (1998). Yeast Physiology and Biotechnology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
Walker GM (2004). Metals in yeast fermentation processes. Adv Appl Microbiol 54: 197-230.
Walker GM, Birch RM, Chandrasena G, Maynard AI (1996). Magnesium, calcium and fermentative metabolism in industrial yeast. J Am Soc Brewing Chem 54: 13-18.
Walker GM, De Nicola R, Anthony S, Learmonth R (2006). Yeast-metal interactions: impact on brewing and distilling fermentations. In: Institute of Brewing & Distilling Asia Pacific Section 2006 Convention; 1924 March 2006; Hobart, Australia.
Walker GM, Maynard IA (1996). Magnesium-limited growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Enzyme Microbe Technol 18: 455- 456.
Ward OP, Singh A (2002). Bioethanol technology: developments and perspectives. Adv Appl Microbiol 51: 53-80.
Yu Z, Zhang H (2004). Ethanol fermentation of acid-hydrolyzed cellulosic pyrolysate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Bioresource Technol 93: 199-204.