İlker KEPENEKCİ, Selçuk HAZIR, Ayşe ÖZDEM

Evaluation of native entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of the European cherry fruit fy Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae in soil

Turkey is the world s largest producer of sweet cherries. Te European cherry fruit fy, Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Diptera: Tephritidae),is a major pest of sweet cherry crops in Europe and Turkey. Te detection of only one larva in the fruit by the processor can result in therejection of the entire crop of that orchard and/or farm as wormy and unmarketable. Te main control tactic for R. cerasi is to preventthe females from laying eggs in the fruit. Currently, only a few insecticides are being used, and their application is debatable due toproblems with residual ecotoxicity for humans and benefcial organisms. As an alternative to using insecticides for the reduction of adultpopulations, 4 indigenous entomopathogenic nematode species, Steinernema carpocapsae (Anamur isolate), S. feltiae (Rize isolate),Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Ekecik isolate), and H. marelatus (Ankara isolate), were bioassayed against last-instar R. cerasi larvae atdiferent temperatures (10, 15, and 25 °C) and nematode concentrations (0, 100, 500, and 1000 IJs/larva). Temperature and nematodeconcentration had a signifcant efect on the efcacy of nematode species. S. feltiae was the most virulent species at all temperaturesand nematode concentrations. Only S. feltiae showed higher than 40% mortality at low temperatures (10 and 15 °C). At 25 °C, S. feltiaecaused 95% mortality, followed by H. marelatus (82%) and H. bacteriophora (76%), at 1000 IJs/larva concentration. Our results indicatethat R. cerasi larvae are highly susceptible to entomopathogenic nematode infection. In particular, S. feltiae has high potential forreducing last-instar larval populations, thus decreasing the adult population in the spring.

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