Termal Stres Altında Yetiştirilen Küçükbaş Hayvanlarda Kısıtlı Su Uygulamasının Etkileri

Su, en küçük canlıdan en büyüğüne kadar tüm canlıların biyolojik yaşamları ve faaliyetleri için gerekli olan en temel besin maddesidir. Fakat, canlılar için hayati öneme sahip olan ve dünya yüzeyinin dörtte üçünü kaplayan su varlığının sadece %1’den daha az miktarı, ekosistem ve insan kullanımına elverişli tatlı su kaynaklarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu durum, yakın gelecekte artan insan nufusunun beslenmesi ve suya erişimi konusunda endişelere sebep olmaktadır. Ayrıca, özellikle insan ve hayvanların beslenmesinde ortak kullanılan yem hammaddeleri ve suyun tüketimi üzerine bir rekabet olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu durumda, hayvancılıkta sürdürülebilir yapıyı sağlama noktasında dünya üzerinde kısıtlı olarak bulunan ekosistem ve insan kullanımına elverişli tatlı su kaynaklarının miktar ve kalitesinin yetersiz kalması beklentisine karşı su kullanım etkinliğinin arttırılması gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle hayvansal üretimde zor koşullara dayanıklı olmaları ve bu koşullarda verimliliklerini devam ettirebildikleri için özellikle küçükbaş hayvanların gelecekte önem kazanacağı düşünülmektedir. Mevcut çalışmanın amacı, nufusun artması ile birlikte yakın gelecekte gerçekleşmesi beklenen kısıtlı su olanaklarının sıcak koşullar altında yetiştirilen küçükbaş hayvanlar üzerindeki etkilerinin ortaya konulmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Su Kısıtlaması, İklim Değişikliği, Sera Gazları, Koyun, Keçi

The Effects of Limited Water Application in Small Ruminants Breeding Under Thermal Stress

Water is the most basic nutrient required for the biological life and activities of all livings things from the smallest to the largest. However, only less than 1% of water existence, which is vital to living things and covers three-quarters of the Earth's surface constitutes freshwater resources conducive to ecosystem and human use. This condition is causing concerns about the nutrition and access to water of the increasing human population in the near future. In addition to, it is thought that there will be a competition on feed raw materials and water consumption, which are used jointly in nutrition of human and animals especially. In this case, in order to provide a sustainable structure in animal husbandry, efficiency of water use should be increased against expectation that the amount and quality of freshwater resources suitable for human use and ecosystem will insufficient. For this reason, it is thought that will gain importance in the future, especially due to small ruminants are resistant to difficult conditions and can maintain their productivity in these conditions. The aim of the present study is to reveal of the effects on small ruminants breeding under hot conditions of limited water opportunities, which are expected to occur in the near future with the increase of population.

Keywords:

Water Restriction, Climate Change, Greenhouse Gases, Sheep, Goat,

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