Bahar SOZUBEK, Korkmaz BELLITURK, M. Turgut SAGLAM

Cadmium and Zinc Accumulation in Maize Influenced by Zinc Fertilizer in Cadmium Polluted Soil

İnsan beslenmesinin yanı sıra hayvan yemi ve endüstride hammadde olarak da kullanılan mısır (Zea Mays L.) Dünya tahıl üretiminde on yıldan fazla zamandır ilk sıradadır. Çevresel kirlenmeye paralel olarak toprakta ağır metal birikimi ciddi bir problemdir. Bu çalışmada, ağır metal olarak çinko (Zn) ile kimyasal benzerliğinden dolayı kadmiyum (Cd) kullanılmıştır. Çinko mısırın eksikliğine çok duyarlı olan bir elementtir. Topraklara laboratuar ortamında Cd eklenmiş ve gübre olarak çinko verilmiştir. Çimlenmeden altı hafta sonra mısır hasat edilmiş ve Cd ile Zn miktarları analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, çinko ile gübreleme mısırdaki Cd konsantrasyonlarını önemli derecede arttırmıştır. Toprakta 20 ppm Zn ile mısırdaki çinko eksikliği giderilmiş olsa da bu dozda mısırda en yüksek Cd konsantrasyonu tespit edilmiştir. Cd ile kirlenmiş topraklarda mısır yetiştirilmesi, mısır çinko gübrelemesine ihtiyaç duyduğundan toksik etkilere neden olabilir. Bu çalışmadaki başka önemli bir sonuç kadmiyum daha çok köklerde birikirken çinko birikiminin saplarda köklerden daha fazla olmasıdır. Bu durum bu iyonların kimyasal özellikleri ile açıklanabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çinko gübresi, kadmiyum kirlenmesi, mısır, toprak

Cadmium and Zinc Accumulation in Maize Influenced by Zinc Fertilizer in Cadmium Polluted Soil

Maize (Zea Mays L.) which is used in human diet as well as animal feeding and raw material for industry, is in the first rank among World cereal production for more than ten years. In parallel with the environmental pollution, heavy metal accumulation in soil is a serious problem. In this study, cadmium (Cd) is chosen as heavy metal in consequence of chemical similarity with zinc (Zn) which is an element that maize is very sensitive to its deficiency. The soils polluted with Cd in greenhouse conditions were fertilized with Zn. Maize grown in these soils was harvested six weeks after germination and analyzed for Cd and Zn. According to the results of analysis, fertilization with Zn increased Cd concentrations of maize significantly. Although Zn deficiency in maize is supplied by 20 ppm Zn in soil, the highest Cd concentrations in maize are determined at this dose of Zn fertilizer. Hence, maize growing in Cd polluted soils may cause toxic effects as maize needs Zn fertilization. Another noteworthy result of the study is the accumulation of Zn in shoots which is higher than roots while Cd accumulated mainly in roots. The case may be explained by chemical properties of these ions

Keywords:

Cadmium pollution, maize, soil, zinc fertilizer,

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This article was derived from the doctorate thesis
economically supported as “Scientific Research
Project” with the label NKUBAP00.24.DR.02.