NEZİH OKUR, SABRİ ARDA ERATALAR, HASAN ELEROĞLU

Effects of Egg Shell Temperature and Incubator Ventilation Programme on Incubation Results of Broiler Breeders

The impacts of egg weight (EW), egg shell temperature (EST), egg position in the incubator (EP) and incubator ventilation program (IVP) on embryonic mortality (EM) and hatchability of fertile eggs (HFE) of broiler breeders were investigated in this study. EW was determined total 1920 hatching eggs which were obtained from middle aged (31 weeks) Ross 308 broiler breeders. These eggs were classified according to weight as heavy (65.52±0.08g), medium (61.47±0.04g) and light (57.56±0.08g) then were randomly set in trolleys of four identical incubators sorted as near the heather side – door side, humidifier side – opposite side and top – middle – bottom. In two incubators 37.78°C (100.0°F) EST and 38.06°C (100.5°F) EST were provided in the other two. Similarly, two machines were operated on classic IVP system and the other two were operated on new IVP system organised specially for this project during first 10 days of incubation. At the end of the hatching period, data including EM and HFE data were examined in eggs with different EST, EW and EP. It was found that EW and EST were affected to EM and HFE. Lower last stage + pipped but unhatched embryo rates and accordingly higher HFE were determined in eggs with 37.78°C (100.0°F) EST and light. However, differences between IVP and EP data were not significant.

Yumurta Kabuk Sıcaklığı ile Kuluçka Makinesi Havalandırma Programının Etçi Damızlıklarda Kuluçka Sonuçlarına Etkisi

Bu araştırmada, kuluçkalık etçi damızlık yumurtalarında yumurta ağırlığının (YA), yumurta kabuğu sıcaklığının (YKS), kuluçka makinesi havalandırma programının (KMHP) ve yumurtaların makine içerisindeki pozisyonunun (YP) embriyo ölümlerine (EÖ) ve çıkış gücüne (ÇG) etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, orta yaşlı (31 hafta) ROSS 308 etlik damızlıklardan elde edilen toplam 1920 yumurtanın ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu yumurtalar ağırlıklarına göre ağır (65,55±0,08g), orta (61,47±0,04g) ve hafif (57,56±0,08g) olarak tasnif edildikten sonra, 4 kuluçka makinesinde bulunan tepsilere ısıtıcı-kapı, nemlendirici-duvar ve üst-orta-alt şeklinde rastgele yerleştirilerek farklı pozisyonlarda olacak şekilde rastgele yerleştirilerek basılmıştır. Kuluçka döneminde iki makinede 37,78°C, iki makinede ise 38,06°C YKS uygulanmıştır. Benzer şekilde kuluçkanın ilk 10 gününde makinelerden 2 tanesi klasik, 2 tanesi yeni olarak adlandırılan havalandırma programına göre çalıştırılmıştır. Çıkım dönemi sonunda yumurtalardaki EÖ ve ÇG verileri incelenmiştir. YA ve YKS değerlerinin embriyo ölümlerini ve çıkış gücünü etkilediği bulunmuştur. 37,78°C (100,0°F) YKS uygulanan ve hafif olan yumurtalarda daha düşük son dönem+kabuk altı embriyo ölümleri ve buna bağlı olarak daha yüksek ÇG elde edilmiştir. Buna karşılık KMHP ve YP açısından muamele gruplarında elde edilen EÖ ve ÇG verileri arasında önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır

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