Aydın Atakan, Hülya Özgönen Özkaya

Arbüsküler Mikorizal Funguslar ve Glomalin

Bitki, toprak ve mikorizal fungus üçgeni ekolôjik açıdan değerlendirildiğinde oldukça yararlı bir sistemdir. Mikorizal funguslar doğadaki pek çok bitkinin kökleriyle ortak yaşama sahip funguslardır. Bu simbiyotik yaşamda, bitki mikorizal fungustan besin elementi ve su alımı konusunda yardım almakta, mikorizal fungus ise beslenmebilmek için bitkiden karbon kaynağı almaktadır. AMF birçok faydasının yanı sıra toprakta karbon (C) depolamasında çok önemli rolleri vardır. AMF'nin bu rolleri, "Glomalin" adlı bir maddenin üretimi ile ilişkilidir. AMF gen ürünleri olarak kabul edilen N-bağlı bir glikoprotein olan glomalin, AMF hifleri ve sporları tarafından salgılanan bir protein olarak tanımlanır. Glomalin, toprak agregalarında kararsız bileşikleri koruyarak toprak organik maddesinin bozulmasını önemli ölçüde azaltır. Toprak agregasyonuna yardımcı olan glomalin aynı zamanda mükemmel bir hif koruyucudur.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin

The interactions between plant, soil, and mycorrhizal fungi are ecologically and agriculturally beneficial systems. Mycorrhizal fungi are capable of forming a symbiosis with the roots of many plants in nature. In this symbiosis, the plant receives help from the mycorrhizal fungus in nutrient and water uptake. On the other hand, the mycorrhizal fungi supply the assimilant products they need from the plant. In addition to the many benefits of AMF, they have very important roles in carbon (C) storage in the soil. These roles of AMF are associated with the production of a substance named “Glomalin”. Glomalin, an N-linked glycoprotein that is considered to be AMF gene products, is defined as a protein secreted by AMF hyphae and spores. Glomalin significantly reduces the degradation of soil organic matter by preserving unstable compounds in soil aggregates. Glomalin, which helps soil aggregation, is also an excellent hyphae protector

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