Penis anomalileri

Antibiyotiklerin sayısı ve kullanım alanları her geçen gün artmaktadır Antibiyotikler doğru tanıyla doğru zamanda doğru kullanım şekli ile ve doğru bir antibiyotik seçimi ile kullanılmalıdır Antibiyotikler mümkünse kültür gönderildikten sonra başlanmalıdır Ampirik antibiyotik kullanımı ciddi ve acil durumlarda tercih edilmelidir Türk Ped Arş 2010; 45: 80 Yıl: 50 2 Anahtar sözcükler: Antibiyotik çocuk enfeksiyon

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Difalli, epispadias, gömülü penis, penis agenezisi, penis torsiyonu

Penile abnormalities

The spectrum of antibiotics and diseases which are treated with antibiotics are increasing Antibiotics should be used in correct diagnosis indication dose and way of consumption Antibiotics should be started after pending the cultures Empiric choosing of antibiotics could be preferred in emergency and severe conditions Turk Arch Ped 2010; 45: 80th Year: 50 2 Key words: Antibiotics child infection

Keywords:

-,

PDF

___

Medikal Embriyoloji, Can Başaklar, Çeviri, Dokuzuncu Baskı, TW Sadler , Ürogenital Sistem, Palme Yayıncılık, 2005; 341-43.
Baskin LS. Hipospadias and urethral development. J Urol 2000; 163: 951-6.
Snodgrass WT, Shuka AR, Canning DA. Hypospadias in In The Kelalis-King-Belman. Docimo SG, CAnning DA, Khoury AE (eds). Textbook of Clinical Pediatric Urology. 5 th ed. Informa healtcare, 2007; 1204-38. (Abstract) / (PDF)
Celayir S, M. Eliçevik, G. Tireli S. Dervisoğlu S, Sander S. Expression of estrogen and androgen receptors in children with hypospadias: preliminary report”. Arch Androl 2007; 53: 83-5. (Abstract) / (PDF)
American Academy of Pediatrics. Timing of elective surgery on the genitalia of male children with particular reference on the risks, benefits and psychological effects of surgery and anes- thesia. Pediatrics 1996; 97: 590. (Abstract) / (PDF)
Eray N, Dogangun B, Kayaalp L, et al. Emotional effects of hypospadias surgery on Turkish boys. J Pediatr Urol 2005; 1: 75-80. (Abstract) / (PDF)
Rich MA, Keating MA, Snyder HM, Duckett JW. Hinging the üretral plate in hypospadias meatoplasty. J Urol 1989; 142: 1551-3. (Abstract)
Snodgrass W. Tubularized incised plate uretroplasty for distal hypospadias. J Urol 1994; 151: 464-5.
Snodgrass W, Koyle M, Manzoni G, Hurwitz R, Caldamone A, Ehrlich R. Tubularized incised plate hypospadias repair: results of a multicenter experience. J Urol 1996; 156: 839-41. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
Söylet Y, Emir H, Besik C, Yesildag E, Danismend N. Modified Barcat Technique in distal hypospadias repair. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2004; 14: 185-7. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
Eliçevik M, Tireli G, Sander S. Tubularized incised plate ure- throplasty: 5 years experience. Eur Urol 2004; 46: 655-9. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
Yesildag E, Tekant G, Sarimurat N, Buyukunal SN. Do patch procedures prevent complications of the Mathieu technique? J Urol 2004;171: 2623-5. (Abstract)
Duckett JW Jr. Transverse preputial island flap technique for repair of severe hypospadias. Urol Clin North Am 1980; 7: 423- 30. (Abstract)
Elder JS, Duckett JW, Snyder HM. Onlay island flap in the repair of mid and distal penile hypospadias without chordee. J Urol 1987: 138; 376-9. (Abstract)
Emir H, Jayanthi VR, Nitahara K, Danismend N, Koff SA. Modification of the Koyanagi technique for the single-stage repair of proximal hypospadias: long term results. J Urol 2000; 164: 973-5. (Abstract)
Soylet Y, Buyukunal SNC, Yesildag E, et al. Preliminary results of Two Stage Duckett Preputial Tube Technique. International Congress on Hypospadias Surgery, O41, Pristhina, Kosova, 2- 5 Sepetember 2007.
Baskin L, Duckett JW. Mucosal grafts in hypospadias surgery. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 23-30.
Bracka A. A versatile two-stage hypospadias repair. Br J Plast Surg 1995; 48: 345-52. (Abstract)
Söylet Y, Oktay R, Güney C, Eliçevik M. Our experiences of Inlay Buccal urethroplasties for different indications; Analysis of 26 cases International Congress on Hypospadias Surgery, O41, Pristhina, Kosova, 2-5 Sepetember 2007.
Söylet Y, Gündoğdu G, Yesildag E, Emir H. Hypospadias reoperations. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2004; 14: 188-92. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
Eliçevik M, Tireli G, Demirali O, Unal M, Sander S. Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for hypospadias reoperations in 100 patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2007; 39: 823-7. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
John P. Gearhart Bladder and urachal abormalities: The exstrophy-epispadias complex in Kelalis-King-Belman Clinical Pediatric urology,, Third Edition, W.B. saunders Company, 1992; 605-8.
Gearhart JP, Leonard MP, Burgers JK, Jeffs RD. The Cantwell- Ransley technique for epispadias repair. J Urol 1992; 148: 851-4. (Abstract)
Ransley P, Duffy PG, Wollin M. Bladder exstrophy closure and epispadias repair. 4th ed Edinburg Butterworths, 1989.
Mitchell ME, Bägli DJ. Complete penile disassembly for epis- padias repair: The Mitchell technique. J Urol 1996; 155: 300-4. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
Söylet Y. Ekstrofi-epispadias kompleksi. Danişmend N, editör, Çocuk Cerrahisi Ders Kitabı, İstanbul, İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayını, 2009, 561-9.
Skoog SJ, Belman AB. Aphallia: Its classification and manag- ment . J Urol 1989; 141: 589-92. (Abstract)
Hendren WH. The genetic male with absent penis and ure- throrectal communication:experience with 5 patients. J Urol 1997; 157: 1469-74. (Abstract) / (Full Text) / (PDF)
Gilbert DA, Jordan GH, Devine CJ Jr, Winslow BH, Schlossberg SM. Phallic construction in prepubertal and ado- lescent boys. J Urol 1993; 149: 1521-6. (Abstract)
Reiner WG, Kropp BP. A 7-year experience of genetic males with severe phallic inadequacy assigned female. J Urol 2004; 172: 2395-8. (Abstract)
Mac Donald MF, Barthold JS, Kass EJ. Abnormalities of the penis and scrotum. In: The Kelalis-King-Belman Textbook of Clinical Pediatric Urology, Editors; Docimo SG, Canning DA, Khoury AE, Fifth edition, Informa healtcare, 2007; 1242-1245.
Söylet Y. Sünnet Danişmend N, Çocuk Cerrahisi Ders Kitabı, İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayını, İstanbul, 2009, 593-616.
Hollowell JG Jr, Witherington R, Ballagas AJ, Burt JN. Embriyological considerations of diphallus and associated anomalies. J Urol 1997: 117; 728-32. (Abstract)
Azmy A, Eckstein HB. Surgical correction of torsion of the penis. Br J Urol 1981; 53: 378-9. (Abstract)
Perlmutter AD, Chamberlain JW. Webbed penis without chordee. J Urol 1972; 107: 320-1. (Abstract)
Herndon CD, Casale AJ, Cain MP, Rink RC. Long term out- come analysis of the surgical treatment of concealed penis. J Urol 2003; 170: 1695-7. (Abstract)
Chuang JH. Penoplasty for burried penis. J Pediatr Surg 1995; 30: 1256-7. (Abstract)
Lee PA, Mazur T, Danish R, et al. Micropenis. I. Criteria, etiolo- gies and classification. Johns Hopkins Med J 1980; 146: 156- 63. (Abstract)
Aaronson IA. Micropenis:medical and surgical implications. J Urol 1994; 152: 4-14. (Abstract)
Sharpsteen JR Jr, Powars D, Johnson C, Rogers ZR, Williams WD, Posch RJ. Multysystem damage associated with tricor- poral priapism in sickle cell disease. Am J Med 1993; 94: 289- 95. (Abstract) / (PDF)
Tarry WF, Duckett JW Jr, Snyder HM 3rd. Third Urological complications of sickle cell disease in a pediatric population. J Urol 1987; 138: 592-4. (Abstract)
Montague DK, Jarow J, Broderick GA, et al American Urological Association guideline on the managment of pri- apism. J Urol 2003; 170: 1318-24. (Abstract)
Siegel JF, Rich MA, Brack WA. Association of sickle cell dis- ease, priapism, Exchange transfusion and neurological events: ASPEN syndrome. J Urol 1993; 150: 1480-2. (Abstract)
Ulman I, Avanoğlu A, Herek O, Kavakli K, Gökdemir A. A sim- ple method of treating priapism in children. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 460-1. (Abstract)