Development of an Attitude Scale for Cancer Screening

Development of an Attitude Scale for Cancer Screening

This study aims to develop a scale to measure people’s attitudes towards cancer screening and conduct a pilot study and validity-reliability study of the developed scale.METHODSThis methodological study was conducted on 334 voluntary male and female relatives of patient who were between 30-70 years of age and attend family health centers at Meram district of Konya province. A sociodemographic form and a candidate scale were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed in a computer setting.RESULTSThe study group of 334 participants consisted of 50% males and 50% females, and the mean age was 42.93±9.60 years. Four items with item score-scale score correlation less than ±0.200 were excluded from the 28-item candidate scale. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the 24-item scale was calculated as 0.95. Face and content validity of the scale was evaluated with two different groups. Factor analysis that was used to assess the construct validity of the one-dimensional 24-item scale determined that explained the variance ratio was 52.62%.CONCLUSIONAs a result of our study, a new five-point Likert scale called “Attitude Scale for Cancer Screening” has been developed. Validity and reliability studies of the scale suggest that the scale is suitable for use in our society.

___

  • 1. WHO The Top 10 Causes of Death. Available at: http:// www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top10-causes-of-death Accessed Dec 3, 2019.
  • 2. New Global Cancer Data: GLOBOCAN 2018. Available at: https://www.uicc.org/new-global-cancer-dataglobocan-2018 Accessed Dec 3, 2019.
  • 3. TUİK Ölüm Nedeni İstatistikleri 2017. Available at: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri. do?id=27620 Accessed Dec 3, 2019.
  • 4. T.C.Sağlık Bakanlığı Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu Bulaşıcı Olmayan Hastalıklar-Programlar ve Kanser. Available at: http://kanser.gov.tr/Dosya/Bilgi-Dokumanlari/raporlar/birim.pdf Accessed Sep 20,2019.
  • 5. American Cancer Society Guidelines for the Early Detection of Cancer. Available at: https://www.cancer.org/healthy/find-cancer-early/cancer-screening-guidelines/american-cancer-society-guidelines-forthe-early-detection-of-cancer.html Accessed Dec 18, 2019.
  • 6. CDC. Cancer Prevention and Control. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/prevention/screening.htm Accessed Dec 18, 2019.
  • 7. National Cancer Institute. Cancer Screening Tests. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/ screening/screening-tests Accessed Dec 18, 2019.
  • 8. Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 20th ed. Canada, USA: Mc Graw Hill Education; 2018.
  • 9. Detels R, Gulliford M, Karim AQ, Tan CC. Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health. 6th Edition. New York, USA: Oxford University Press; 2015.
  • 10.Stewart BW, Wild CP. World Cancer Report 2014. Lyon, France: IARC Publications; 2014.
  • 11.T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. Kanser Taramaları. Available at: https://hsgm.saglik. gov.tr/tr/kanser-taramalari Accessed Dec 28, 2019.
  • 12.Tezcan SG. Temel Epidemiyoloji. Ankara, Türkiye: Hipokrat Kitapevi; 2017.
  • 13.Tavşancıl E. Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi. Ankara, Türkiye: Nobel Yayınları; 2019.
  • 14.Tekpınar H, Aşık Z, Özen M. Aile Hekimliği polikliniğine başvuran hastaların kanser taramalarına ilişkin yaklaşımlarının değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi 2018;22(1):28–36.
  • 15.Yiğitbaş Ç, Bulut A, Bulut A, Semerci M. Knowledge and attitudes about cancer screening tests on adult admitted to state hospital of bingol. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi 2016;19(2):29–38.
  • 16.Şahin NŞ, Üner BA, Aydın M, Akçan A, Gemalmaz A, Dişçigil G, et al. Aydın Merkez İlçede Kolorektal Kanser Taramasına İlişkin Bilgi, Tutum ve Engeller. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi 2015;19(1):37–48.
  • 17.Açıkgöz A, Çehreli R, Ellidokuz H. Women’s knowledge and attitude about cancer and thr behaviour for early diagnosis procedures. DEÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2011;25(3):145–54.
  • 18. Sümbüloğlu V, Sümbüloğlu K. Klinik ve Saha Araştırmalarında Örnekleme Yöntemleri ve Örneklem Büyüklüğü. Ankara, Türkiye: Hatiboğlu Yayınevi; 2005.
  • 19.Seçer İ. Psikolojik Test Geliştirme ve Uyarlama Süreci; SPSS ve Lisrel Uygulamaları. 1st ed. Ankara, Türkiye: Anı Yayıncılık; 2015.
  • 20.Tezbaşaran AA. Likert Tipi Ölçek Hazırlama Kılavuzu. 3. Sürüm. Mersin, Türkiye; 2008.
  • 21.Özdamar K. Ölçek ve Test Geliştirme Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi. 2nd ed. Eskişehir, Türkiye: Nisan Kitabevi; 2016.
  • 22.Şencan H. Sosyal ve Davranışsal Ölçümlerde Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlilik. 1st ed. Ankara, Türkiye: Seçkin Yayıncılık; 2005.
  • 23.Alpar R. Spor, Sağlık ve Eğitim Bilimlerinden Örneklerle Uygulamalı İstatistik ve Geçerlik-Güvenirlik. 3rd ed. Ankara, Türkiye: Detay Yayıncılık; 2014.
  • 24.Yurdugül H. Ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarında kapsam geçerliği için kapsam geçerlik indekslerinin kullanılması. In: Proceedings of the XIV. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresi. Denizli: 2005.
  • 25.Field A. Discovering statistics using SPSS. 3rd ed. London, England: SAGE Publications; 2009.
  • 26.Büyüköztürk Ş. Factor Analysis: Basic Concepts and Using to Development Scale 2002;32(32):470–83.
  • 27.Ercan İ, Kan İ. Reliability and Validity in The Scales. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2004;30(3):211–6.
  • 28.Aksakoğlu G. Sağlıkta araştırma ve çözümleme. 3rd ed. İzmir, Türkiye: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Rektörlük Basımevi; 2013.
  • 29.Ozsoy SA, Ardahan M, Ozmen D. Reliability and validity of the colorectal cancer screening belief scale in Turkey. Cancer Nurs 2007;30(2):139–45.
  • 30.Özmen D, Altuğ Özsoy S. Sağlık inanç modeli yaklaşımı ile servikal kanserin erken tanısına yönelik ölçel çalışması. Doktora, Ege Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir, Türkiye: 2004.
  • 31.Guvenc G, Akyuz A, Açikel CH. Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test: psychometric testing. J Adv Nurs 2011;67(2):428–37.
  • 32.Gözüm S, Karayurt Ö, Aydın İ. The results of turkish adaptations of champion’s health belief model scale at breast cancer screening. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi 2004:1;71–85.
  • 33.Karakoç FY, Dönmez L. Basic Principles of Scale Development. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası 2014;40:39–49.
  • 34.Pınar G, Öksüz E, Beder A, Özhan Elbaş N. Reliability and validity of the Turkish adaptation of the Champion’s health belief model scale at testicular cancer screening. Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi 2011;9(2):89–96.
  • 35.Wools A, Dapper EA, de Leeuw JR. Colorectal cancer screening participation: a systematic review. Eur J Public Health 2016;26(1):158–68.
  • 36.Kaya C, Üstü Y, Özyörük E, Aydemir Ö, Şimşek Ç, Şahin AD. Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors of Health Workers About Cancer Screenings. Ankara Med J 2017;17(1):73–83.
Türk Onkoloji Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-7467
  • Başlangıç: 2015
  • Yayıncı: Ali Cangül
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Contribution of Deep Inspiration Breath-Hold Techniquefor Regional Nodal Irradiation Including Mammaria Internain Mastectomized Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients

Didem ÇOLPAN ÖKSÜZ, Meltem DAĞDELEN, Şefika Arzu ERGEN, Servet İPEK, Ceren BARLAS, Songül ÇAVDAR KARAÇAM

Effect of Risk Factors on Local and Systemic Control inStage 1 Endometrial Cancer

Binnur DÖNMEZ YILMAZ, Özge KANDEMİR GÜRSEL

Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Cancers in the North of Iran: Results of Mazandaran Population-BasedCancer Registry

Majid YAGHOUBI-ASHRAFI, Akbar HEDAYATIZADEH-OMRAN, Zainab QAZIZADEH, Razieh-Sadat MOUSAVI, Ramin SHEKARRIZ, Mohammad ESLAMI, Ehsan ZABOLI, Ghasem JANBABAEI, Mohsen AARABI, Reza ALIZADEH-NAVAEI, Mahmood MOOSAZADEH

The Use of High-Volume Endorectal Balloon is Effective to Reduce Doses of Rectum and Bladder in ProstateCancer Patients Treated with Linac-Based StereotacticBody Radiotherapy

Mete GÜNDOĞ, Hatice BAŞARAN, Okan ORHAN, Kadir YARAY, Tarkan AKSÖZEN, Esin KİRAZ, Celalettin EROĞLU

Ovarian Metastasis of ALK Translocation-Positive LungAdenocarcinoma: A Case Report

Devrim ÇABUK, Şener GEZER, İzzet YÜCESOY, Lale AKSOY, Seda Duman ÖZTÜRK, Sevgiye Kaçar ÖZKARA

High Capacity of the Metastatic Breast Tumor Cells inSphere Formation: Clue for Chemoresistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Mohammad Kamalabadi FARAHANİ

Dosimetric Evaluation of Deep Inspiration Breath-HoldTechnique for Breast Cancer Radiotherapy: A Single-Center Experience

Öztun TEMELLİ, Mehmet DEMİRTAŞ, Berat Tuğrul UĞURLU, Şimay GÜROCAK, Eda KAYA PEPELE, Bahaddin YAPRAK, Hülya GÜLBAŞ, Fatma Aysun ERASLAN

Cancer Prevalence and Risk Factors in a Province in theMediterranean Region, Turkey

Burak KURT, Tufan NAYİR, Muhsin AKBABA

Unusual Localized Non-Hodkin Lymphoma: Left VentricularGiant Mass in a Patient Admitted with Syncope

Hakan GÜNEŞ, Enes ÇELİK, Mehmet KİRİŞÇİ, Bayram ÖZTÜRK, Murat KERKÜTLÜOĞLU

Lymphopenia and Radiotherapy for Geriatric CancerPatients in the Reality of COVID-19

Fatma SERT