Kurtuluş AKSU, Hale ATEŞ, İlkay KOCA KALKAN, Musa TOPEL, Ali ÖNCÜL, Dilek ÇUHADAR ERÇELEBİ, Süleyman TÜRKYILMAZ, Şenay DEMİR, Selma YEŞİLKAYA

Biyolojik ajan kullanan ağır astımlı hastalarda COVID-19

COVID-19 pandemisi devam ederken, biyolojik ajan kullanan ağır astımlı hastaların hafif bir hastalık seyri gösterdiği ve ağır astımı olan hastalarda biyolojik tedavilerin devamını teşvik eden vaka raporları yayınlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte önceki bilgilerin aksine, son zamanlarda biyolojik tedavi kullanan şiddetli astımlılarda genel popülasyona kıyasla daha şiddetli bir COVID-19 seyri de bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada biyolojik ajan kullanan ağır astımlılarda COVID-19 oranını ve hastalık şiddetini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Biyolojik ajanlarla tedavi edilen ağır astımlı hastalarda retrospektif bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Deneklerin COVID-19’a yakalanıp yakalanmadığına ve hastalığın ciddiyetine ilişkin veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Biyolojik ajan kullanan (omalizumab veya mepolizumab) yaşları 48,3 ± 10,6 (ortalama ± standart sapma) olan, kadın/erkek oranı: 53 (%63,1)/31 (%36,9) olan 74 ağır astımlı çalışmaya dahil edildi. Katılımcıların 13’ü (%15,5) COVID-19’a yakalanmıştı. COVID- 19’un seyri beş hastada (%38,5) hafif, sekiz hastada (%61,5) ortaydı; hiçbir hastada ciddi bir COVID-19 seyri görülmedi. Yatarak tedavi edilen altı hastanın hiçbirinde (%46,2) mekanik ventilasyon veya yoğun bakım takibi gerekmedi. Tüm katılımcılar COVID-19’u tamamen iyileşerek atlattı ve vakalarda ölüm meydana gelmedi. Önceki raporlarda bildirilenlere kıyasla biyolojik tedavi kullanan ağır astımlı hastalarda daha yüksek bir COVID-19 oranı bulundu. Bununla birlikte, COVID-19’lu tüm hastalar hafif ila orta derecede hastalık seyrine sahipti.

COVID-19 in patients with severe asthma using biological agents

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, case reports have been published where patients with severe asthma using biological agents survived with a mild course of illness and encouraged the continuation of biological therapies in patients with severe asthma. However, contrary to previous information, a more severe course of COVID-19 has recently been reported in severe asthmatics using biological therapy compared to the general population. To evaluate the COVID-19 rate and disease severity in severe asthmatics using biological agents. A retrospective study was conducted in patients with severe asthma treated with biological agents. Data concerning whether the subjects had contracted COVID-19 and the severity of the disease were evaluated. Eihgty-four severe asthmatics using biological agents (omalizumab or mepolizumab) aged 48.3 ± 10.6 years (mean ± standard deviation) with female/male ratio: 53 (63.1%)/31 (36.9%) were included in the study. Among participants 13 (15.5%) had contracted COVID-19. The course of COVID-19 was mild in five (38.5%) and moderate in eight patients (61.5%), while none of the patients had a severe course of COVID-19. Mechanical ventilation or intensive care follow-up was not required in any of the six patients (46.2%) who were treated as inpatients. All participants survived COVID-19 in full recovery and no deaths occurred in the cases. A higher rate of COVID-19 was found in patients with severe asthma using biologics compared to those reported in previous reports. However, all patients with COVID-19 have a mild to moderate disease course.

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