THE POTENT CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF THE MYCOTOXIN OF FUSARIC ACID IN VITRO
THE POTENT CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF THE MYCOTOXIN OF FUSARIC ACID IN VITRO
Fusaric acid
(FA), a naturally occurring contaminants of food and feeds, is a mycotoxin
produced by Fusarium sp. as secondary
metabolite. This study
evaluated the cytotoxic effects of FA in HeLA (human cervix carcinoma) cell
line by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT) assay. The
potential genotoxic effects of FA were investigated in human lymphocytes by micronucleus
(MN) test. Cells were treated with FA at the following concentrations; 0.78,
1.56, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μg/mL. A solvent [DMSO 0.5%
(v/v) of the culture medium] and a negative
control was also maintained. Mitomycin-C (MMC) was used as the positive control
in human lymphocytes. FA significantly decreased cell viability (%) in a
dose dependent manner at 200
and 400 μg/ml concentrations at 24 h and 48 h compared to control and solvent
control. The half of inhibitory concentration (IC50) in exposed HeLA
cells was found at 200 μg/mL
(0.791±0.148) for 24h and, 400 μg/mL (0.584±0.026) for 48h. However, there was
no significant difference in
the frequency of MN and nuclear division index (NDI) at 0.78-12.5 μg/mL concentrations in human
lymphocytes. FA showed toxic effect at the five highest concentrations
(25, 50, 100, 200, 400 μg/mL) in human lymphocytes. The present results
indicate that FA has cytotoxic effect especially at higher concentrations.
However, it has no genotoxic effects on human lymphocytes at 0.78-12.5 μg/mL
concentrations.
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- Department of Biology, Polatlı Art and Science Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Departments of Medical Biology and Genetics, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey