Semanur SOYYİĞİT, Şerafettin KELEŞ, Aslı Cansın DOKER

AB-28 ÜLKELERİNDE ULAŞIM SEKTÖRÜ VE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET LOJİSTİĞİNİN AĞ ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ

Dünya ölçeğindeki en büyük ticaret bloğu olan Avrupa Birliği AB , bu coğrafyada oldukça önemli ticaret hareketlerine de sahne olmaktadır. 2015 yılı itibariyle 3063 milyar Euro’ya varan birlik içi ihracat mal grupları cinsinden incelendiğinde; makineler, ulaşım araçları, imalat sanayi ürünleri, kimyasallar gibi mal gruplarının yüzdelik ağırlığının yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Bu durum da birlik içerisinde lojistiğin önemini kanıtlar durumdadır. Bu kapsamda, Beyaz Kitap 2011’de AB’nin lojistik geleceğine ilişkin birtakım hedefler de belirlenmiştir. Birlik içinde lojistiğin önemine dikkatlerin ilk kez çekildiği 1992 yılındaki Beyaz Kitapta o dönemde ulaşım türleri arasındaki dengenin değiştirilmesi, ulaşıma giderek küresel bir nitelik kazandırılması gibi birtakım amaçlar belirlenmiştir. Ortak bir ulaştırma politikasının önemine dikkat çeken 2011 raporunda ise yüksek hızlı demiryolu ağını tamamlamak; havalimanları, demiryolları ve denizyollarını birbirine bağlamak gibi 2050 hedefleri de göze çarpmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, bu çalışmada AB-28’in birlik içi ticaret lojistiğinin sağlandığı karayolu, denizyolu, demiryolu ve havayolu ulaşım ağlarının zamansal değişimi ve mevcut durumu ağ analizi yaklaşımı ile değerlendirilecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ulaştırma, AB ulaşım ağı, uluslararası ticaret lojistik ağı, ağ analizi

TRANSPORTATION SECTOR IN EU-28 AND NETWORK ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE LOGISTICS

The European Union EU , as the largest trading block on the world scale, is also a scene of significant trade movements in this geography. When intra-EU exports reaching 3.063 billion euros in 2015 are examined in terms of groups of goods, it can be seen that machines, transportation vehicles, manufacturing industry products, chemicals, etc. have high shares. This situation proves the importance of logistics for the Union. In this context, in the White Paper 2011, a number of objectives related to the logistical future of the EU have been identified. In White Paper 1992 in which the importance of logistic within the Union was first drawn attention to, a number of objectives were identified, such as changing the balance between types of transportation and increasing quality globally. In the 2011 report, which emphasized the importance of a common transport policy, there are also some striking targets for the year 2050 such as completing the high-speed railway network, connecting airports, railroads and sea routes. In this context, in this study, the changing situation over time of road, sea, railway and air transport networks which provides intra-EU trade logistics of the union, and the current situation will be evaluated by network analysis approach

Keywords:

Transportation, EU transportation network, international trade logistic network, network analysis,

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