Hip disorders in cerebral palsy patients: diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
Hip disorders in cerebral palsy patients: diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder of central nervous system that can result with devastatingoutcomes. Besides all other clinical findings, hip disorders also are common in children with CP. Clinical hipmanifestations include wide spectrum from hip subluxation or dislocation to dislocation with painfuldegeneration. If untreated they may progress to more serious level like painful hip, severe hip contractures orwindswept deformity and cause hygiene problems. We aimed to present current and widely acceptedinformation about diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of hip disordes in the patients with CP.
___
- Cornell MS. The hip in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol
1995;37:3-18.
- Dobson F, Boyd RN, Parrott J, Nattrass GR, Graham HK. Hip
surveillance in children with cerebral palsy. Impact on the surgical
management of spastic hip disease. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002;84:720-
6.
- Flynn JM, Miller F. Management of hip disorders in patients with
cerebral palsy. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2002;10:198-209.
- Portinaro N, Panou A, Gagliano N, Pelillo F. D.D.S.H.:
developmental dysplasia of the spastic hip: strategies of management in
cerebral palsy. A new suggestive algorithm. Hip Int 2009;19 Suppl
6:S69-74.
- Scrutton D, Baird G. Surveillance measures of the hips of children
with bilateral cerebral palsy. Arch Dis Child 1997;76:381-4.
- Rosenbaum PL, Walter SD, Hanna SE, Palisano RJ, Russell DJ,
Raina P, et al. Prognosis for gross motor function in cerebral palsy:
creation of motor development curves. JAMA 2002;288:1357-63.
- Howard CB, McKibbin B, Williams LA, Mackie I. Factors affecting
the incidence of hip dislocation in cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br
1985;67:530-2.
- Hoffer MM. Management of the hip in cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint
Surg Am 1986;68:629-31.
- Heimkes B, Martignoni K, Utzschneider S, Stotz S. Soft tissue
release of the spastic hip by psoas-rectus transfer and adductor tenotomy
for long-term functional improvement and prevention of hip dislocation.
J Pediatr Orthop B 2011;20:212-21.
- Agarwal A, Verma I. Cerebral palsy in children: an overview. J Clin
Orthop Trauma 2012;3:77-81.
- Nwaobi OM, Sussman MD. Electromyographic and force patterns
of cerebral palsy patients with windblown hip deformity. J Pediatr
Orthop 1990;10:382-8.
- Faraj S, Atherton WG, Stott NS. Inter- and intra-measurer error in
the measurement of Reimers' hip migration percentage. J Bone Joint
Surg Br 2004;86:434-7.
- Parrott J, Boyd RN, Dobson F, Lancaster A, Love S, Oates J, et al.
Hip displacement in spastic cerebral palsy: Repeatability of radiologic
measurement. J Pediatr Orthop 2002;22:660-7.
- Pountney T MA. Repeatability and limits of agreement in hip
migration percentage in children with bilateral cerebral palsy.
Physiotherapy 2003:89;276-81.
- Werner C RL. Normal values of Wiberg’s lateral center-edge angle
and Lequesne’s acetabular index – a coxometric update. Skeletal Radiol
2012;41:1273-8.
- Ketelaar M, Vermeer A, Hart H, van Petegem-van Beek E, Helders
PJ. Effects of a functional therapy program on motor abilities of children
with cerebral palsy. Phys Ther 2001;81:1534-45.
- Gunel MK MA, TarsusluT, Livanelioglu A. Relationship among the
Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), the Gross Motor
Function Classification System (GMFCS), and the functional status
(WeeFIM) in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Eur J Pediatr.
2009;168:477-85.
- Anttila H, Autti-Ramo I, Suoranta J, Makela M, Malmivaara A.
Effectiveness of physical therapy interventions for children with cerebral
palsy: a systematic review. BMC Pediatr 2008;8:14.
- Mall V, Heinen F, Siebel A, Bertram C, Hafkemeyer U, Wissel J, et
al. Treatment of adductor spasticity with BTX-A in children with CP: a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Dev Med Child
Neurol 2006;48:10-3.
- Graham HK BR, Carlin JB, Dobson F, Lowe K, Nattrass G, et al.
Does botulinum toxin a combined with hip bracing prevent hip
displacement in children with cerebral palsy and ‘hips at-risk’? A
randomized controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008:90;22-33.
- Bialik GM, Pierce R, Dorociak R, Lee TS, Aiona MD, Sussman
MD. Iliopsoas tenotomy at the lesser trochanter versus at the pelvic brim
in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop
2009;29:251-5.
- Koca K, Yildiz C, Yurttas Y, Balaban B, Hazneci B, Bilgiç S, et al.
[Outcomes of multilevel orthopedic surgery in children with cerebral
palsy]. Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi 2011;22:69-74. [Article in Turkish]
- Stott NS, Piedrahita L; AACPDM. Effects of surgical adductor
releases for hip subluxation in cerebral palsy: an AACPDM evidence
report. Dev Med Child Neurol 2004;46:628-45.
- Brunner R, Baumann JU. Long-term effects of intertrochanteric
varus-derotation osteotomy on femur and acetabulum in spastic cerebral
palsy: an 11- to 18-year follow-up study. J Pediatr Orthop 1997;17:585-
91.
- Kim HT, Jang JH, Ahn JM, Lee JS, Kang DJ. Early results of onestage
correction for hip instability in cerebral palsy. Clin Orthop Surg
2012;4:139-48.
- Al-Ghadir M, Masquijo JJ, Guerra LA, Willis B. Combined femoral
and pelvic osteotomies versus femoral osteotomy alone in the treatment
of hip dysplasia in children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop
2009;29:779-83.