BÜKÜM FİKSESİ İŞLEMİNDE SICAKLIK VE SÜRE PARAMETRELERİNDEKİ DEĞİŞİMİN POLİETİLEN TERAFTALAT İPLİĞİNİN ÖZELLİKLERİNE ETKİSİ

İpliğe verilen bükümün sabitlenmesi için ısıl işlem gereklidir. Bu işlem polietilen teraftalat (PET) ipliğin hem morfolojisinin hem de mekaniksel özelliklerini değiştirmektedir. İplik özellikleri ısıl işlem faktörlerinden ısıl işlem metodu, sıcaklık ve süreden büyük ölçüde etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmada ısıl işlem sıcaklık ve süre parametrelerinin iplik özellikleri üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. İplik özelliklerinin değişimi çekme testi, diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetre (DSC), kaynama çekmesi, bobin sertliği ve büküm miktarı testleri ile belirlenmiştir. Isıl işlem süresindeki değişimin özellikle kaynama çekmesi ve çekme özellikleri olmak üzere iplik özellikleri üzerine büyük oranda etkisinin olmamasına karşın, sıcaklığın etkisinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Isıl işlem sıcaklığının düşmesiyle kopma uzama oranı ve bobin sertliğinin arttığı, kaynama çekmesinin azaldığı görülmüştür. Bu sonuç ısıl işlem sıcaklığının ipliğe verilen bükümden dolayı oluşan iç gerilimlerin giderilmesi, iç yapıdaki molekülerin yeniden yerleşimi ve amorf bölgedeki moleküler oryantasyon ile yakından ilgili olduğunu göstermiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Isıl işlem, Büküm fiksesi, PET filament, Yapı-özellik ilişkisi

TWIST SETTING TEMPERATURE AND TIME EFFECTS ON MORPHOLOGY OF POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE YARN

The twist on the yarn should be fixed by heat to remove twist liveliness. This procedure changes the properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yarn in aspect to both fiber morphology and yarn mechanical behavior. The yarn properties are affected by heat setting process factors which mainly are heat-setting method, temperature and time. This study investigates the effect of temperature and time of the heat setting processes on the yarn properties. The change of the morphology of the yarn was determined by tensile test, differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis, boiling water shrinkage test, bobbin hardness and twist amount per unit length test. The study demonstrates that the time of the heat setting does not have a considerable effect on the PET yarn properties. The temperature of the heat setting has dominant influence onto the properties of the PET yarn, especially on the boiling water shrinkage and tensile behavior. The tensile strain and bobbin hardness increase, and shrinkage decrease with increasing heat setting temperature. The forcestrain curve shape is changed by altering twist setting parameters. These results show us that heat setting temperature related to stress relaxation arise from twist insertion, rearrangement of the macromolecules and molecular orientation in the amorphous region

Keywords:

Heat setting, Twist fixation, PET filament, Structure–property relationships,

PDF

___

1. B. Xu, and C. Murrells, 2008 ,“Automatic Measurement and Recognition of Yarn Snarls by Digital Image and Signal Processing Methods”, Textile Res. J. 78, 439.
2. S. Sardag, M. Kanık, and O.Ozdemir, 2012, “The Effect of Vacuum Steaming Processes on Physical and Dyeability Properties of Polyamide 6 Yarns”, Textile Res. J. 80, 1531
3. S. Sardag and O. Ozdemir, 2012,“The effects of tandem and conventional vacuum steaming methods on the properties of yarns”, Textile Res. J. 82, 181.
4. V. B. Gubta, 2002, “Heat Setting”, J Appl Polym Sci, 83, 586 .
5. P. Barham, and A. Keller, 1975, “A criterion for distinguishing between polymer fibers of fundamentally different origin”, J Polymer Sci Polymer Lett Ed, 13, 197.
6. V. B. Gupta, J. Radhakrishnan, and S. K. Sett, 1995,” Effect of process parameters on residual stress distribution in poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers and films as revealed by chemical etching”, J Appl Polym Sci, 55, 247.
7. H. Masanori, H. P. Chung, and A. Masanori, 1984, “Effects of Heat Treatment and Mechanical Stresses on The Dielectric Strength of Uniaxially Drawn Pet”, IEEE T DIELECT EL IN , 19, 273
8. N. Vasanthan, 2004,“Effect of Heat Setting Temperatures on Tensile Mechanical Properties of Polyamide Fibers”, Textile Res. J., 74, 545
9. N. Vasanthan, 2007, “Effect of the Microstructure on the Dye Diffusion and Mechanical Properties of Polyamide-6 Fibers” J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys., 45, 349
10. A.W. Salamon, K.J. Fielder “Practical Use of Differential Calorimetry for Plastics” In Handbook of Plastics Analysis, (H. Lobo, J.V. Bonilla, Eds.), p p.79-109, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2003
11. W .J. Sichina, DSC as Problem Solving Tool: Measurement of Percent Crystallinity of Thermoplastics, Perkin Elmer Instruments PETech 40, Perkin Elmer Instruments
12. R. G. Matthews, A. Ajji, M. M. Dumoulin, and R.E.Prud’homme, 2000, “The effects of stress relaxation on the structure and orientation of tensile drawn poly(ethylene terephthalate)”, Polymer, 41,7139
13. K. V. Datye, and A. A. Vaidya, Chemical processing of synthetic fiber and blends, pp.53-59, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1984
14. M. J. Richardson, 1984, “Thermal analysis of polymers using quantitative differential scanning calorimetry”, Polymer Testing, 4, 101
15. M.J. Forest, “Application to Thermoplastics and Rubbers” in Principles and Applications of Thermal Analysis, (P. Gabbott Ed.), pp.190-249, Blackwell Publishing, Singapore, 2008
16. Y. Kong and J. N. Hay, 2002, “The Measurement of Crystallinity of Polymers by DSC”, Polymer, 43, 3873
17. ISO 2062, Determination of single-end breaking force and elongation at break using constant rate of extension (CRE) tester
18. ISO 2061, Determination of Twist in Yarns - Direct Counting Method
19. A. L. Volynskii, L. M. Yarysheva, and N. F. Bakeev, 2011, “Visualization of Deformation Induced Structural Rearrangements in Amorphous Polymers”, Polymer Science, Ser. A, 53, 871
20. J. Shimizu, N. Okuı and T. Kikutani, “Simulation of dynamics and structure formation in high-speed melt spinning” in High Speed fiber spinning, (A. Ziabicki, H. Kawai Eds.), pp.170-200, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1985
21. R. Menedith, Textile Progress, 7, (1975)
22. M. P. W. Wilson, 1974, “Shrinkage and chain folding in drawn poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres”, Polymer, 15, 277
23. B.Wunderlich, 1978, “Heat capcities of linear macromolecules”, Polym Engng Sci, 18, 431,
24. H. Shirataki, A. Nakashima, K. Sato, K. Okajima, 1997, “Correlation Between Tensile Properties and Network Draw Ratio for Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Fibers with Wide Range of Molecular Orientation and Crystallinity”, J Appl Polym Sci,, 64, 2631
25. W. O. Statton, J. L. Koenig and M. Hannon, 1970, “Characterization of Chain Folding in poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Fibers”, J Appl Phys, 41, 4290
26. G.W. Davis and J.R. Talbot, “Polyesters Fibers” in Polymers fibers and Textiles a Compendium, (I. Kroschwitz Eds), pp.680, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1990
27. K. Yıldırım, Y. Ulcay, O. Kopmaz, 2010, “Forming Regression Based Mathematical Model to Predict PET POY Yarn Properties in Case of Changing Production Parameters”, Textile Res. J., 80, 411
28. K. Yıldırım, Ş. Altun, M. Kanık, Y. Ulcay, 2009, “Influence of Melt Spinning Conditions on Dye Uptake of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Fibres”, Color Technol, 125, 151
29. H.C. Karakas, 2004, “A Comparison between the Thermomechanical and Structural Changes in Textured PET Yarns after Superheated Steam and Dry Heat Treatment” Fibers and Polymers, 5, 19
30. K. Yildirim, A.M. Kostem, 002856 number and 02.01.2012 dated technical report, prepared by TUBITAK - BUTAL (Bursa Test and Analysis Laboratory) for Akinbay Tesktil San. ve Tic.A.Ş
31. S. Sardag, O.Ozdemir, M. Kanık 2011, “The Effect of Vacuum Steaming Processes Parameters on Tenacity Properties of Cotton and Viscose Yarns”, Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 4, 343