Karasu Nehri Su Kalitesinin Farklı Su Kalitesi İndeksleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

Yağışların azaldığı, tarımsal ve endüstriyel faaliyetlerin giderek arttığı İç Anadolu bölgesinde, su kaynaklarının üzerindeki baskıda her geçen gün artmaktadır. Biyolojik ihtiyaçlar, entegre çevre yönetimi ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri için su kaynaklarının kalitesi ve miktarı önemlidir. Su kalitesini etkileyen birçok parametrenin aynı anda yorumlanarak su kalitesinin belirlenmesi hem karmaşık hem maliyetli hem de uzun zaman almaktadır. Bu sebeple su kalitesinin daha anlaşılabilir bir şekilde yorumlanmasını sağlayan su kalite indeksi modelleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Aksaray İlinin önemli içme su kaynaklarından biri olan Karasu Nehri’nin su kalitesi Aralık 2015 ve Kasım 2016 tarihleri arasında bir yıl süreyle izlenilmiş olup nehrin genel su kalitesi 3 farklı su kalite indeksi modeli ile değerlendirilmiştir. İçme suyu elde edilen veya elde edilmesi planlanan yüzeysel suların kalitesine dair yönetmeliğe göre NH4-N, BOİ5, Co, fekal koliform, Ba, Cu, Zn ve çözünmüş oksijen parametrelerinin sınır değerlerini aştığı ve suyun kalitesini etkileyen ana parametreler olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca su kaynağının yüzey su kalite sınıfının NO2, B, Cd ve Zn parametrelerine bağlı olarak “IV” olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan model sonuçlarına göre ise Karasu Nehri’nin su kalitesi, Ulusal Sanitasyon Vakfı Su Kalite İndeksine (USV SKİ) göre “orta”, Kanada Çevre Bakanlığı Konseyi Su Kalite İndeksine (KÇBK SKİ) göre “kötü” ve Oregon Su Kalite İndeksine (O SKİ) göre de “kötü” seviyede olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Karasu nehri, Su kalite indeksi, İzleme, Ulusal Sanitasyon Vakfı, Kanada Çevre Bakanlığı Konseyi, Oregon

Evaluation of Karasu River Water Quality in Terms of Different Water Quality Indexes

In the Central Anatolia region where precipitation decreases and agricultural and industrial activities are increasing, the pressure on water resources is increasing day by day. The quality and quantity of water resources are important for biological needs, integrated environmental management and sustainable development goals. It is both complicated and costly to determine the water quality by interpreting many parameters affecting water quality at the same time. For this reason, water quality index models are used to provide a better understanding of the water quality. In this study, the water quality of Karasu River, which is one of the important drinking water resources of Aksaray Province, was monitored between December 2015 and November 2016 for one year and the overall water quality of the river was evaluated with 3 different water quality index models. It was determined that NH4-N, BOD5, Co, fecal coliform, Ba, Cu, Zn and dissolved oxygen parameters exceed the limit values of the regulation of drinking water obtained or planned surface water quality and the main parameters affecting the quality of water. In addition, the surface water quality class of water source was determined to be “IV” depending on NO2, B, Cd and Zn parameters. According to the model results, the water quality of the Karasu River was “moderate” according to the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index, “bad” according to the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, and “bad” according to the Oregon Water Quality Index.

Keywords:

Karasu river, Water quality index, Monitoring, National Sanitation Foundation, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Oregon,

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