Myrtus communis L.: Characterisation of Essential Oil of Leaves and Fatty Acids of Seeds Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MSD)

In this study, the chemical contents of essential oil acquired from Myrtus communis leaves using hydrodistillation and seed oil obtained using cold press method analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MSD). According to the analyse result, forty-five component were identified and 1,8-cineole (21.68%), alpha-pinene (18.02%), linalool (14.12%) and alpha-terpinyl acetate (10.40%) were detected as major compounds in the M. communis leaf essential oil. On the other hand, seven different fatty acids were determined in seed oil. Linoleic acid (77.59%) and palmitic acid (10.36%) were detected to be major fatty acids in the M. communis cold-pressed seed oil. The present study has shown that the nutritional and other industrial use of M. communis leaves and seeds are possible due to their rich phytochemical contents of essential oil and seed oil.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Myrtus communis, Essential oil; Seed oil; 1, 8-cineole; GC/MSD

PDF

___

[1] Carvalho, I.T., Estevinho, B.N., Santos, L. 2016. Application of microencapsulated essential oils in cosmetic and personal healthcare products– a review. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 38, 109–119.
[2] Do, T., Hadji-Minaglou, F., Antoniotti, S,, Fernandez, X. 2015. Authenticity of essential oils. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 66, 146–157.
[3] Vermaak, I., Kamatou, G.P.P., Komane-mofokeng, B., Viljoen, A.M., Beckett, K. 2011. African seed oils of commercial importance—cosmetic applications. South African journal of Botany, 77, 920–933.
[4] Sell, C. 2010. Chemistry of essential oils. Ss 121-150. Başer, K.H,, Buchbauer, G., 2010. Handbook of Essential Oils. Science, Technology, and Applications, CRC Press, USA.
[5] Prakash, B., Kedia, A., Mishra, P.K., Dubey, N.K. 2015. Plant essential oils as food preservatives to control moulds, mycotoxin contamination and oxidative deterioration of agri-food commodities-Potentials and challenges. Food Control, 47, 381–391.
[6] Mendes, M.M., Gazarini, L.C., Rodrigues, M.L. 2001. Acclimation of Myrtus communis to contrasting Mediterranean light environments-effects on structure and chemical composition of foliage and plant water relations. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 45, 165–178.
[7] Arone, G., RUSSO D. 1997. Carnivorous mammals as seed dispersers of Myrtus communis (Myrtaceae) in the Mediterranean shrublands. Plant Biosystems, 131(3), 189-195.
[8] Fioretto, A., Papa, S., Curcio, E., Sorrentino, G., Fuggi, A. 2000. Enzyme dynamics on decomposing leaf litter of Cistus incanus and Myrtus communis in a Mediterranean ecosystem Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32, 13, 1847-1855.
[9] Albaladejo, R.G., Carrillo, L.F., Aparicio, A., Fernández-Manjarré, J.F., González-Varo, J.P. 2009. Population genetic structure in Myrtus communis L. in a chronically fragmented landscape in the Mediterranean: can gene flow counteract habitat perturbation? Plant biology, 11(3), 442–453.
[10] Barboni, T., Cannac, M., Massi, L., Perez-Ramirez, Y., Chiaramonti, N. 2010. Variability of polyphenol compounds in myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae) berries from Corsica. Molecules,15, 7849-7860.
[11] Mimica-Dukić, N., Bugarin, D., Grbović, S., Mitić-Ćulafić, D., Vuković-Gačić, B., Orčić, D., Jovin, E., Couladis, M. 2010. Essential oil of Myrtus communis L. as a potential antioxidant and antimutagenic agents. Molecules, 15, 2759-2770.
[12] Elfellah, M.S., Akhter, M.H., Khan, M.T. 1984. Anti-hyperglycaemic effect of an extract of Myrtus communis in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 11(3), 275-81.
[13] Al-Hindawi, M.K., Al-Deen, I.H., Nabi, M.H., Ismail, M.A. 1989 Anti-inflammatory activity of some Iraqi plants using intact rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 26(2), 163-8.
[14] Cannas, S., Molicotti, P., Usai, D., Maxia, A., Zanetti, S. 2014. Antifungal, anti-biofilm and adhesion activity of the essential oil of Myrtus communis L. against Candida species. Natural Product Research, 28, 2173-2177.
[15] Ma, D.W.L., Wierzbicki, A.A., Field, C.J., Clandinin, M.T. 1999. Preparation of conjugated linoleic acid from safflower oil. Journal of American Oil Chemist Society, 76, 729–730.
[16] Belury, M.A. 2002. Inhibition of carcinogenesis by conjugated linoleic acid: potential mechanisms of action. Journal of Nutrition, 132, 2995–2998.
[17] Darmstadt, G.L., Mao-Qiang, M., Chi, E., Saha, S.K., Ziboh, V.A., Black, R.E., Santosham, M., Elias, P.M. 2002. Impact of topical oils on the skin barrier: possible implications for neonatal health in developing countries. Acta Paediatr, 91, 546–554.
[18] Chryssavgi, G., Vassiliki, P., Athanasios, M., Kibouris, T., Komaitis, M. 2008. Essential oil composition of Pistacia lentiscus and Myrtus communis L: Evaluation of antioxidant capacity of methanolic extracts. Food Chemistry, 107, 1120–1130.
[19] Bradesi, P., Tomi, F., Casanova, J., Costa, J., Bernardini, A.F. 1997. Chemical composition of myrtle leaf essential oil from Corsica (France). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 9, 283–288.
[20] Boelens, M., Jimenez, R. 1992. The chemical composition of Spanish myrtle oils. Part II. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 4, 349–353.
[21] Asif, M., Afaq, S.H., Tariq, M., Masoodi, A.R. 1979. Chromatographic analysis of Myrtus communis fixed oil. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 81, 473–474.
[22] Aidi Wannes, W., Marzouk, B. 2013. Differences between myrtle fruit parts (Myrtus communis var. italica) in phenolics and antioxidant contents. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 37, 585-594.
[23] Guil Guerrero, J.L., Rodríguez-García, I. 1999. Lipids classes, fatty acids and carotenes of the leaves of six edible wild plants. Europena Food Research and Technology, 209, 313–316.
[24] Aidi Wannes, W., Mhamdi, B., Sriti, J., Marzouk, B. 2010. Glycerolipid and fatty acid distribution in pericarp, seed and whole fruit oils of Myrtus communis var. italica. Industrial Crops and Products, 31, 77-83.
[25] Mahboubi, M., Bidgoli, F.G. 2010. In vitro synergistic efficacy of combination of amphotericin B with Myrtus communis essential oil against clinical isolates of Candida albicans. Phytomedicine, 17, 771-774.
[26] Bouzouita, N., Kachouri, F., Hamdi, M., Chaabouni, M.M. 2003. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Tunisian aromatic plants. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 18, 380-383.
[27] Jandacek, R.J. 2017. Linoleic acid: A nutritional quandary. Healthcare (Basel), 5, 25.