Aerobik Cimnastikte Diz ve Kalça Eklemi Propriyosepsiyonunun Müsabaka Başarısı ile İlişkisi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, (1) eklem pozisyon duyusunun farklı yarışma gruplarındaki genç aerobik cimnastikçilerde gelişimini araştırmak ve (2) pozisyon duyusunun yarışmadaki uygulama başarısı ile ilişkisini değerlendirmekti. Çalışmaya dört farklı yaş grubundan 112 müsabaka sporcusu katıldı. Aerobik Cimnastik Türkiye Şampiyonası müsabakalarında alt ekstremitelere sabitlenen akıllı telefon ve telefon uygulaması ile eklem pozisyon duyusu testleri uygulandı. Müsabaka yaş grupları içinde normal dağılım gösteren katılımcı verileri üzerinde korelasyon ve lineer regresyon analizi yapıldı. 45o diz ekstansiyon mutlak hataları ile yarışma uygulama puanları arasında negatif ve anlamlı korelasyonlar vardı. 45o diz fleksiyonu mutlak hata skoru, yarışma uygulama puanlarıyla ilişkiliydi. 90o kalça fleksiyonu mutlak hata skorları, yarışma uygulama puanlarıyla önemli ölçüde ilişkiliydi. Cimnastikçilerin yaşı ile yarışma uygulama puanları arasında pozitif bir ilişki bulundu. Örneklemin tamamı göz önüne alındığında, sonuçlar, yalnızca kalça ekstansiyon mutlak puanlarından oluşan nihai bir modelin, yarışma yürütme puanlarındaki önemli miktarda varyansı açıklayabildiğini gösterdi. Veriler cinsiyete göre ayrıldığında, model erkek örneklemdeki yarışma uygulama puanlarındaki değişimi açıklayamadı. Bununla birlikte, kalça fleksiyonu ve diz ekstansiyonunun eklem pozisyon duyusu hata puanlarından oluşan nihai bir model, kadın örneklemin yarışma uygulama puanlarındaki önemli bir varyans oranını açıklayabildi. Sonuç olarak, daha fazla pozisyon hatası yapan cimnastikçilerin uygulama puanları daha düşüktü. Cimnastikçilerde hedef konum tekrarlama doğruluğu yaşla birlikte arttı. Müsabaka sonucunu tahmin etmede eklem pozisyon duyusu doğruluğunun etkisi önemliydi. Eklem pozisyon duyusunu geliştiren antrenmanlar, cimnastikçilerin yarışma sonuçlarını iyileştirebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Aerobik cimnastik, Propriyosepsiyon, Eklem pozisyon duyusu, Yaş grupları

Relationship of Knee and Hip Joint Proprioception with Competition Success in Aerobic Gymnastics

The aim of the study was to (1) evaluate the joint position sense development in young aerobic gymnasts of different age groups and (2) investigate the relationship of position sense with execution success in competition. 112 competition athletes from four different age groups participated in the study. Joint position sense tests with a smartphone and phone app fixed to the lower extremities were performed during the Aerobic Gymnastics Turkey Championship competitions. Correlation and linear regression analysis were performed on the participant data, which showed normal distribution within the competition age groups. There were negative and significant correlations between 45o knee extension absolute errors and competition execution points. The 45o knee flexion absolute score correlated to competition execution points. 90o hip flexion absolute error scores were significantly associated with competition execution points. A positive correlation was found between the age of the gymnasts and the competition execution points. Considering the entire sample, results demonstrated that a final model consisting solely of hip extension absolute scores was able to explain a significant amount of variance in competition execution points. When the data is partitioned according to gender, the model fails to explain variation in competition execution scores in the male sample. However, a final model consisting of joint position sense error scores of hip flexion and knee extension could explain a significant proportion of variance in competition execution points of the female sample. In conclusion, gymnasts who made more positional errors had lower execution scores. Target position replication accuracy in gymnasts improved with age. The effect of joint position sense accuracy in predicting the outcome of the competition was significant. Training that develops joint position sense can improve gymnasts' competitive results.

Keywords:

Aerobic gymnastics, Proprioception, Joint position sense, Age groups,

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