Fehime ALKAN, Hacer Deniz ARISU, Evrim ELİGÜZELOĞLU DALKILIÇ

Bulk-fill kompozitlerde kalınlığın artışının mikrosertlik üzerine etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı üç farklı ışık cihazı ile polimerize edilen bulk-fill kompozitlerde, kalınlığın artışının mikrosertlik üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: İki farklı bulk-fill kompozit (Tetric Evo Ceram Bulk Fill ve X-tra fil) ve bir adet akışkan bulk-fill kompozit (SDR) kullanıldı. Kompozitler 1mm derinliğinde 5 mm çapında dört metal kalıba yerleştirildi, kalıplar üst üste konularak 1 mm tabakalar halinde 4 mm kalınlığında numuneler elde edildi. Numuneler iki farklı LED ışık cihazı (Bluephase 20i ve Valo) ve bir adet halojen ışık cihazı (Hilux) ile polimerize edildi. Her kompozit grubu ve her ışık cihazı alt grubu için 4 mm’lik 5’er adet örnek olacak şekilde toplam 30 örnek hazırlandı. Örnekler 24 saat 37 °C’de %100 nemli ortamda bekletildi. Vickers mikrosertlik ölçümleri 10 saniye 100 gr kuvvet uygulanarak yapıldı. Her örneğin hem üst hem de alt yüzeyinden 3 ölçüm yapıldı. Elde edilen veriler %95 güven aralığında istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hem üst hem de alt yüzeylerde bütün ışık cihazları ile polimerize edilen X-tra fil diğer gruplara göre belirgin düzeyde yüksek mikrosertlik değerleri göstermiştir (p0.05). Sadece SDR, Bluephase20i ile polimerize edildiğinde diğer ışık cihazlarına göre daha düşük sertik değerleri göstermiştir (p

Influence of increment thickness on microhardness of bulkfill composites

Background: To assess the influence of increment thickness on the microharness of different bulk-fill composites polymerised with three different light curing units. Methods: Two different bulk-fill composite (Tetric Evo Ceram Bulk Fill and X-tra fil) and one flowable bulk-fill (SDR) composite were used. 1 mm layered 4 mm thick resin composite specimens were prepared by placing four metallic moulds of 1 mm in depth and 5 mm in diameter over each other. Composite specimens were polymerized with two different LED unit (Bluephase20i and Valo) and one conventional halogen (Hilux) light curing unit. Five specimens were prepared for each composite group and light curing unit subgroup. The specimens were stored in 100% humidity, at 37°C for 24 hours. Vickers hardness (HV) measurements were performed with a load of 100 g for 10 sec. Three indentations were made on top and bottom surface of each specimen. The data was statistically analysed at a 95% confidence interval. Results: The highest hardness values were obtained in X-tra fil compared to all other composites in both bottom and top surfaces (p0.05). Bluephase 20i light curing device decreased the hardness of top surface of SDR composite significantly (p

PDF

___

1. Sunnegardh-Grönberg K, van Dijken JWV, Funegardh U, Lindberg A, Nisson M. Selection of dental materials and longevity of replaced restorations in Public Dental Health clinics in northern Sweden. J Dent 2009; 37: 673-8
2. Van Dijken JWV, Pallesen U. A randomized controlled three year evaluation of bulk-filled posterior resin restorations based on stress decreaseing resin technology. Dent Mater 2014; 30: e246-51.
3. Sakaguchi RI, Douglas WH, Peters MC. Curing light performance and polymerization of composite restorative materials. J Dent 1992; 20: 183-8.
4. Pilo R, Celgiesser D, Cardash HS. A survey of output intensity and potential for depth of cure among lightcuring units in clinical use. J Dent 1999; 27: 235-41.
5. Ferracane JL. Resin composite-state of the art. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 29-38.
6. SDR. Instructions for use. Dentsply Caulk; 2012, Available from, http://dentsply.com.tr/ürünler/ restoratif/kompozitler/sdrTM-0
7. Tetric Evo Ceram Bulk Fill Instructions for use. Ivoclar Vivadent; 2011. Available from, http://www.ivoclarvivadent.com/en/p/all/products/rest orative materials/composites/tetric-evoceram-bulk-fill
8. X-tra fill. Instructions for use. Voco; 2010. Available from, http://www.voco.com/tr/product/x_tra_fil/ index.html
9. Tomaszewska IM, Kearns JO, Ilie N, Fleming GJP. Bulk fill restoratives: To cap or not to cap- That is the question? J Dent 2015; 43: 309-16.
10.Al-Ahdal K, Ilie N, Silikas N, Watts DC. Polymerization kinetics and impzct of post polymerization on the degree of conversion of bulk- fill resin-composite at clinically relevant depth. Dent Mater 2015; 31(10): 1207-13.
11.Eliades GC, Vougiouklakis GJ, Caputo AA. Degree of double bond conversion in light-cured composites. Dent Mater 1987; 3: 19-25.
12.Ferracane JL, Greener EH. The effect of resin formulation on the degree of conversion and mechanical properties of dental restorative resins. J Biomed Mater Res 1986; 20: 121-31.
13.Martin FE. A survey of the efficiency of visible light curing units. J Dent 1998; 26: 239-43
14.Miyazaki M, Hattori T, Ichiishi Y, Kondo M, Onose H, Moore BK. Evaluation of curing units used in private dental offices. Oper Dent 1998; 23: 50-4.
15.Stahl F, Ashworth SH, Jandt KD, Millis RW. Lightemitting diode (LED) polymerization of kental composites: Flexural properties and polymerization potential. Biomaterials 2000; 21: 1379-85.
16.Schattenberg A, Lichtenberg D, Stender E, Willershausen B, Ernst CP. Minimal exposure time of different LED-curing devices. Dent Mater 2008; 24: 1043-9.17.
17.Tarle Z, Attin T, Marovic D, Andermatt L, Ristic M, Tauböck TT. Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19: 831- 40.
18.Leprince JG, Palin WM, Vanacker J, Sabbagh J, Devaux J, Leloup G. Physico-mechanical characteristics of commercially available bulkfill composites. J Dent 2014; 42: 993-1000.
19.Flury S, Peutzfeld A, Lussi A. Influence of increment thickness on microhardness and dentin bond strength of bulk fill resin composite. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 1104-12.
20.Amirouche-Korichi A, Mouzali M, Watts DC. Effects of monomer ratios and highly radiopaque fillers on degree of conversion and shrinkage-strain of dental resin composites. Dent Mater 2009; 25: 1411-8.
21. Leprince JG, Palin WM, Mullier T, Devaux J, Vreven J, Leloup G. Investigating filler morphology and mechanical properties of new low-shrinkage resin composite types. J Oral Rehabil 2010; 37: 364-76.
22.Hahnel S, Dowling AH, El-Safty S, Fleming GJP. The influence of monomeric resin and filler characteristics on the performance of experimental resin-based composites (RBCs) derived from a commertial formulation. Dent Mater 2012; 28: 416-23.
23.Ilie N, Stark K. Curing behavior of high-viscosity bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2014; 42: 977-85.
24.Goracci C, Cadenaro M, Fontanive L, Giangrosso G, Juloski J, Vichi A. Polymerization efficiency and flexural strength of low-stress restorative composites. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 688-94.
25.Fronza BM, Rueggeberg FA, Braga RR, Mogilevych B, Soares ES, Martin AA, et al. Monomer conversion, microhardness, internal marginal adaptation, and shrinkage stress of bulk-fill resin composites. Dent Mater 2015; 31: 1542-51.
26.Abouelleil H, Pradelle N, Villat C, Attik N, Colon P, Grosgogeat B. Comparison of mechanical properties of a new fiber reinforced composite and bulk filling composite. Restor Dent Endod 2015; 40: 262-70.
27.Karaçolak G, Turkun SL, Boyacıoğlu H, Ferracane JL. Influnce of increment thickness on radiant energy and microhardness of bulkfill resin composites. Dental Materials Journal, 2018, 37: 206-13.
28.Li X, Pongprueksa P, Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J. Curing profile of bulk-fill resin based composites. J Dent 2015; 43: 664-72.
29.Topçu FT, Erdemir U, Şahinkesen G, Yıldız E, Uslan İ, Acıkel C. Evaluation of microhardness surface roughness, and wear behaviour of different types of resin composites polymerized with two different light sources. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2010; 92: 470-8.
30.Schattenberg A, Lichtenberg D, Stender E, Willershausen B, Ernst CP. Minimal exposure time of different LED curing devices. Dent Mater 2008; 24: 1043-9.
31.Bouschlicher MR, Rueggeberg FA, Wilson BM. Correlation of bottom-to-top surface microhardness and conversion ratios for a variety of resin composite compositions Oper Dent 2004; 29: 698-704.
32.Zorzin J, Maier E, Harre S, Fey T, Belli R, Lohbaouer U, et al. Bulk-fill resin composites: Polymerization properties and extended light curing. Dent Mater 2015; 31: 293-301.
33.Price RB, Murphy DG, Derand T. Light energy transmission through cured resin composite and human dentin. Quint Int 2000; 31: 659-67.
34.Flury S, Hayoz S, Peutzfeld A, Hüsler J, Lussi A. Depth of cure of resin composites: Is the ISO 4049 method suitable for bulk fill materials? Dent Mater 2012, 28: 521-8