Tabanında Anahtar Kesiti Bulunan Betonarme İstinat Duvarlarının Jaya Algoritmasıyla Optimum Tasarımı

Geleneksel tasarım süreçlerinde bir yapının tasarımında bir önboyutla tasarıma başlanarak, bu tasarımın gerekli koşulları sağlamaması durumunda mühendislik önsezisiyle tasarım değiştirilerek yenilenmektedir. Bu süreçte, başta dayanım olmak üzere; dayanıklılık, stabilite, süneklik ve rijitlik koşullarını sağlayan bir yapı tasarlandığında, özellikle daha ekonomik bir yapı için tasarım birkaç deneme-yanılmadan öteye gidilememektedir. Oysa kaynakların gün geçtikçe azalması ve çevre kirliliğindeki artışlar, yapıların minimum maliyetle yada emisyonla tasarlanmalarını gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, tabanında anahtar kesiti bulunan bir betonarme konsol istinat duvarının, JAYA algoritması kullanılarak, minimum maliyetle yada CO2 emisyonuyla tasarımlarının gerçekleştirilmesinden ibarettir. Betonarme istinat duvarı probleminde 12 tasarım değişkeni bulunmaktadır. Bu tasarım değişkenleri duvar boyutlarına ve duvarın çeşitli bölgelerindeki donatılara ilişkindir. Problemin toplam 25 sınırlayıcısı bulunmakta ve bu sınırlayıcılar duvarın kayma, devrilme ve taşıma gücü tahkikleri, betonarme kesit denetimleri ve boyut ile donatılara ilişkin koşullardan oluşmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında gerçekleştirilen sayısal uygulamanın optimum tasarımda; duvar arkasındaki zemin parametreleriyle sürşarj yükünün büyüklüğünün duvarın minimum maliyetine ve CO2 emisyon değerine etkisi incelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Optimization, retaining wall, jaya algorithm

Optimum Design of Rc Retaining Walls with Key Section using Jaya Algorithm

In the traditional design process, the design starts with preliminary dimensions that may change by using engineering intuition after unfulfillment of necessary design conditions. By this way, the design is renewed with the new dimensions determined. In this process, when designing a structure that provides enough durability, stability, ductility and stiffness, the design is not going to go beyond trial-and-error especially for a more economical structure. However, the ever-decreasing supply of resources and the increase in environmental pollution require the structures to be designed with minimum cost or emission. The main purpose of this study is to perform minimum cost or CO2 emission design of a reinforced concrete console retaining wall with a key section at the bottom by using JAYA algorithm. There are 12 design variables utilized in this optimization process. The design variables are related to the wall dimensions and reinforcement placed at the various regions of the wall. The design problem has a total of 25 constraints that are related with the slip, overturning, bearing capacity and overall dimensions of the wall, dimension check of the cross section and the amount of reinforcement. In the optimum design of the numerical example given in this study, the effect of the magnitude of the surcharge load and the effect of the parameters of the soil behind the wall on the minimum cost and CO2 emission design of the wall is investigated.

Keywords:

Optimization, retaining wall, jaya algorithm,

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