Güngör BAL, Nihat OZTURK, Selim ÖNCÜ, Kenan ÜNAL

Otomatik Gerilim Regülatörü İçin Hibrit Bir Denetleyici Tasarımı

Senkron generatörler elektrik enerjisinin üretiminde temel makina olma görevini sürdürmektedir. Senkron generatörlerin çıkış gerilimi ve frekansı uyartım akımı ve devir sayısı değiştirilerek kolayca ayarlanabilmektedir. Genellikle senkron generatörler şebekeye bağlı olarak çalıştıkları için çıkış gerilimi ve frekansının sabit olması gerekmektedir. Gerilimin ayarlanması için kullanılan Otomatik Gerilim Regülatörlerinde çeşitli denetleyici sistemler kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada MATLAB/Simulink programında bulanık mantık tabanlı anahtarlamalı bir hibrit denetleyici yapısı önerilmiştir. Önerilen hibrit denetleyici, Yapay Arı Kolonisi Algoritması kullanılarak optimize edilen PID denetleyiciyle ve Ziegler-Nichols yöntemine dayalı farklı denetleyicilerden elde edilen sonuçlarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma kriterleri maksimum aşım miktarı, yükselme zamanı ve oturma zamanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Karşılaştırmanın sonuçları da çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden biri olan TOPSIS metodu ile analiz edilerek değerlendirilmiş ve sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Senkron Generatör, Otomatik Gerilim Regülatörü, Bulanık Mantık Denetleyici, Yapay Arı Kolonisi Algoritması, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme, TOPSIS

Design of Hybrid Controller for Automatic Voltage Regulator

Synchronous generators are still the main machines in the production of electrical energy. Changing the excitation current and the rotation speed easily adjust their output voltage and frequency. Since synchronous generators are operated with the grid, the output voltage and frequency must be fixed. Various control systems are used in Automatic Voltage Regulators for adjusting the voltage. In this study, a hybrid controller structure proposed and it operates in MATLAB / Simulink program. The simulation results of the proposed AVR is compared with PID adjusted by Artificial Bee Colonies algorithm and Ziegler-Nichols based different controllers. The comparison was made on maximum overshoot, rise and settling time. According to the comparison made, it was seen that the proposed hybrid controller has better response than the other controllers in terms of maximum overshoot, rise and settling time.

Keywords:

Synchronous Generator, Automatic Voltage Regulator, Fuzzy Logic Controller, Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm, Multi-Criteria Decision Making, TOPSIS,

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