Demiryolu geçiş bölgelerinde farklı üstyapı rijitlikleri ve ray düzensizliği nedeniyle oluşan raylı taşıt titreşimlerinin kontrolü

Demiryolu araçları hareket ederken, tünellerin veya köprülerin başlangıç ve bitiş noktalarındaki geçişlerde ani bir üstyapı sertliği değişikliği, hem ray yapısında hem de araçta istenmeyen titreşimlere neden olur. Bu çalışmada, demiryolu geçiş bölgesi olarak ele alınan farklı sertlik değerlerine sahip rijit bir üst yapı hattından geçen hafif raylı taşıta dair, tek boyutlu tren-yol dinamik model çifti kullanılarak simülasyonlar yapılmıştır. Hafif metro aracı ve yol İstanbul ulaşımında kullanılan gerçek koşullar dikkate alınarak modellenmiştir. Rayın modeli, sert bir zemine viskoelastik bir temel olarak bağlanan ayrık desteklenmiş ray pedleri üzerine oturan bir Euler-Bernoulli kirişten oluşur. Düşey titreşimler, dinamik bir tekerlek-ray teması içeren yol ve 16 serbestlik dereceli yarım taşıt modellerinin birleştirildiği bir model ile analiz edilmiştir. İkincil süspansiyonlara paralel olarak çalışmak üzere, üstyapının dinamik koşullarının değişimi ve ray düzensizlikleri sonucu hafif metro aracında ortaya çıkan düşey titreşimlerin bastırılması için iki farklı kontrolör tasarlanmıştır. Ortalama ve maksimum işletme hızlarında, ray düzensizlikleri olan ve olmayan, yüksüz ve tam yüklü araç koşulları dahil olmak üzere birçok simülasyon senaryosunda, bulanık mantık denetleyicisinin yaygın olarak kullanılan PID denetleyicisine göre üstünlüğü zaman ve frekans alanında gösterilmiştir.

Control of railway vehicle vibrations due to the effect of different superstructure stiffness in transition zones with rail irregularities

While railway vehicles are moving, a sudden change of superstructurestiffness in crossings at the starting and ending points of tunnels orbridges leads to undesired vibrations both on the track structure and inthe vehicle. In this paper, simulations are performed by using a onedimensional train-track coupled dynamic model under the condition ofa light rail vehicle passed through a slab superstructure line withdifferent stiffness values as a transition zone of the railway. The actualconditions used in Istanbul transportation are taken into account in themodelling of the track and the light metro vehicle. The model of thetrack consists of an Euler-Bernoulli beam resting on discrete supportedrail pads, which are connected as a viscoelastic foundation to a rigidground. The vertical vibrations are analyzed by a model in which trackand 16 DOF semi-vehicle models are combined, including a dynamicwheel-rail contact. Two different controllers are designed in parallelwith secondary suspensions in order to suppress vertical vibrations ofthe light rail vehicle resulting from the change in the dynamicconditions of the superstructure and the rail irregularity in thetransition zone to increase the comfort of the passengers. For manysimulation scenarios, including unloaded and fully loaded vehicleconditions at the average and maximum operational speeds, with andwithout track irregularities, the superiority of the fuzzy logic controllerover the commonly used PID controller is shown in the time andfrequency domain

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