Zeynep GÜNEŞ, Safiye OZVURMAZ

Uyku bozukluğu farkındalığı, uyku bozukluğu semptomlarının sıklığı ve semptomlar ile ilişkili faktörler: yaşlı popülasyon örneği

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amaçları(1)yaşlıların uyku bozukluğuna ilişkin farkındalık durumlarını (2) uyku bozukluklarına ilişkin semptom sıklığını (3) uyku bozukluğu semptomları ile ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir.Yöntem: Aile sağlığı merkezine başvuran 353 yaşlı ile yapılan kesitsel çalışma uyku bozuklukları, mevcut hastalıkları, kullandıkları ilaçlar ve depresyon durumlarına ilişkin bilgi toplamak için tasarlanmış anket formu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Depresyon kısa form geriatrik depresyon ölçeği-4 ile gündüz uykululuk durumu Epworth uykululuk ölçeği ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan yaşlıların yaş ortalaması 71,95±9,2’dır. Uyku bozukluğu farkındalık düzeyleri %36,8’dir. Yaşlıların yarıdan fazlası erken uyanmakta ve uykuyu dalmada güçlük yaşamakta ve %93,8’i uykuyu sürdürememektedir. Yaşlıların yaklaşık 2/3’si tuvalete gitme nedeni ile uykuyu sürdürmede güçlük yaşamaktadırlar. Yaşlıların yaklaşık 1/5’inde gündüz uykululuk durumu, korkutucu rüyalar görme, uykuda bağırma, %42,6’sında horlama gibi uyku bozukluğu semptomları bulunmaktadır. Diyabeti olan, solunum sistemi hastalığı olan, kardiyovasküler hastalığı olanların hastalığı olmayan yaşlılara göre anlamlı olarak uykuya dalmada güçlük yaşamaktadırlar. Depresyonun(uyku bölünmesi hariç) uyku yakınmalarını etkileyen önemli bir faktör olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Yaşlıların uyku yakınmalarına ilişkin farkındalık düzeyleri düşüktür. Yaşlılarda insomnia semptomları yaygın olarak görülmekte ve depresyon uyku yakınmalarını etkileyen önemli bir faktör olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İnsomni, horlama, gündüz aşırı uykululuğu, REM uyku davranış bozukluğu

Awareness of sleep disorders, frequency of sleep disorders syptoms, the factors associated with syptoms: elderly population sample.

Aim: The aims of this study are to determine the awareness of sleep disorders in elderly patients (1), the frequency of the symptoms associated with sleep complaints (2), and to determine the factors related to sleep disorders symptoms (3).Method: A cross sectional study of 353 elderly of admitting to family health center was done using designed questionnaire to gather about disorders of sleep, their existing illnesses, medications that they used and their depression status. Depression was assessed by the short form Geriatric Depression Scale-4 and daytime sleepiness was assessed by Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Results: The mean age of the elderly patients participating in the study is 71.95±9.2. Awareness levels of sleep disorder are 36.8%. More than half of the elderly patients wake up early and have difficulties in falling asleep, and 93.8% cannot maintain sleeping. Approximately 2/3 of the elderly patients have difficulty in maintaining the sleep by reason of going to the toilet. About 1/5 of the elderly patients have daytime sleepiness, nightmares and screaming in the sleep, and 42.6% have symptoms of sleep disorder such as snoring. The elderly patients having diabetes, respiratory system diseases and cardiovascular diseases have difficulties significantly in falling asleep compared to the elderly patients with no diseases. Depression (except sleep disruption) was found to be an important factor affecting sleep complaints. Conclusion: The level of awareness of sleep disorders among the elderly patients is low. Symptoms of insomnia are common in the elderly patients and depression is an important factor affecting sleep complaints.

Keywords:

Insomnia, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, REM sleep behavior disorder,

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