İRAN’DA SİYASİ BİR SEMBOL OLARAK KADINLAR: PEHLEVİ REJİMİ İLE İSLAM DEVRİMİ ARASINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR BAKIŞ

İran İslam Devrimi’nden sonra İranlı kadınlar sosyo-politik tartışmaların en önemli konularından birisi olmuştur. Bu makale, Iran İslam Devrimi’nden sonra kadın hakları konusunda yaşanan değişimi anlamak için Şah rejimi ve devrim sonrası döneme odaklanarak karşılaştırmalı bir bakış açısı benimsemektedir. Çalışmada her iki dönemde de kadınların rejimler tarafından siyasi bir sembol olarak kullanıldığı, Pehlevi rejimi sırasında modernitenin, Devrim'den sonra ise İslam'ın bir sembolü olarak sunulduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Kadınların sadece dış görünüşüne odaklanan kadın hakları tartışmalarının birçok önemli konunun ihmal edilmesine yol açtığı düşünülmektedir. İran Devrimi’nden bu yana ülkeyi yöneten liderlerin kadın haklarına yönelik farklı tutumlara sahip oldukları da çalışmada ortaya konmuştur. İran İslam Devrimi’nden sonra kadın hakları, cumhurbaşkanlarının kadın sorunlarına ilişkin vizyonlarına bağlı olarak ileri veya geri gitmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İran, Kadın Hakları, İslam Devrimi, Siyaset, Sembol

WOMEN AS A POLITICAL SYMBOL IN IRAN: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE BETWEEN PAHLAVI REGIME AND ISLAMIC REVOLUTION

Iranian women have been one of the most important topics of the socio-political discussions after the Iranian Islamic revolution. This article adopts a comparative perspective through focusing on the Shah regime and the post-revolution era in order to figure out what has been changed in Iranian women rights after the Islamic Revolution. It is argued that in both periods, women were used as a political symbol by the regimes; a symbol of modernity during the Pahlavi regime and a symbol of Islam after the Revolution. It is considered that women's rights discussions, which focus only on the outward appearance of women, lead to the neglect of many important issues. It is also demonstrated in the study that the leaders who have ruled the country since the Iranian revolution have different attitudes towards women's rights. After the Islamic revolution of Iran, women's rights have gone back and forth depending on the visions of the presidents on women issues.

Keywords:

Iran, Women Rights, Islamic Revolution, Politics, Symbol,

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