Thaumetopoea pityocampa Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) Biyolojisi ve Ekolojik Etkileri

Bu çalışmada, Çam kese tırtılı olarak bilinen Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae) Denis& Schiffermüller, 1775 birçok bitki türü üzerinde yaptığı etki araştırılmış ve ilgili bitki türlerinde önemli ölçüde zarar meydana getirdiği belirlenmiştir. T. pityocampa türü döngüsel bir şekilde 6-8 yıllık sürelerde, ormanlık alanlarda son dört yıl üst üste başta karaçam ve kızılçam ağacı türlerinde toplu bir halde bulunarak yüksek düzeyde zarara neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Özellikle abiyotik faktörlerin canlının popülasyonunun artışında oldukça önemli etkilere neden olduğu, son yıllarda artan iklimsel değişimlerin etkisinin büyük olduğu görülmektedir. Zararlı olan bu türe karşı biyolojik mücadele yöntemlerinin etkili olabileceği; yöreye ait olan kuş türlerinin ve bazı parazitoitlerin salınımının sağlanarak zararlı popülasyonunu dengeleyici önemli bir mücadele yöntemi olarak kullanılması önerilmektedir. Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde birçok ormanlık alanda belirli yıllarda meydana gelen üreticilerin yoğun bir şekilde başvurduğu kimyasal mücadele yöntemlerinin sonraki yıllarda zararlıyı daha dirençli hale getirdiği, birçok canlı türünün ölümüne yol açtığı (toplu arı ve kuş ölümleri vb.) ve ticari arıcılık faaliyetleriyle birlikte diğer kültür bitkilerin kalite kaybına neden olduğu aktarılmaktadır.

Thaumetopoea pityocampa Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) Biology and Ecological Effects

In this study, the effect of Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Lepidoptera:Notodontidae) Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 known as the pine processionary, on many plant species was investigated and it was determined that it caused significant damage to the related plant species. It has been determined that T. pityocampa species were found in a cyclical manner for 6-8 years, and in the last four years in a row, in the region, mainly in pine tree species, and in some fruit trees and products grown in gardens, causing a high level of damage. It is seen that especially abiotic factors cause very important effects on the increase in the population of the living thing, and the effect of increasing climatic changes in recent years is great. Biological control methods can be effective against this harmful species; it is suggested to be used as an important control method to balance the pest population by ensuring the release of bird species and some parasitoids belonging to the region. It has been determined that the chemical control methods used extensively by the agricultural producers in the region make the pest more resistant in the following years, cause the death of many living species (mass bee and bird deaths, etc.), and cause loss of quality of other cultivated plants together with commercial beekeeping activities.

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