TULUM PEYNİRİNDE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS YAYGINLIĞI VE ANTİBİYOTİK DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN VE DİRENÇ GENLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Bu çalışmada, Isparta ilinde satışı yapılan Tulum peyniri örneklerinde Staphylococcus aureus yayğınlığının tespiti ve S. aureus izolatlarında antibiyotik direnç profillerinin ve direnç genlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 75 Tulum peyniri örneğinden toplam 141 muhtemel S. aureus kolonisi izole edilmiştir. Gram boyama ve katalaz testi sonucu izolatların 100’ünün Gram pozitif kok morfolojisinde ve katalaz pozitif özellik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu izolatların S. aureus türü üyesi olup olmadığı S. aureus’da termostabil nükleaz genine (nuc) özgü primer çiftleri kullanılarak polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) ile araştırılmıştır. PZR denemeleri sonucu 15 izolatta nuc genine özgü 458 bç büyüklüğünde amplikonlar elde edilmiştir. Tulum peyniri örneklerinde S. aureus bulunma sıklığı % 13.33 (10/75) olarak hesaplanmıştır. 15 S. aureus izolatının disk difüzyon testi sonucu en dirençli olduğu antibiyotiğin penisilin G olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İzolatlarda en sık rastlanan antibiyotik direnç geninin blaZ olduğu belirlenmiştir. blaZ geni dışında izolatlarda mecA, msrA ve msrB geni varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Düşük oranda da olsa tulum peyniri örneklerinde S. aureus varlığına rastlanılması tüketici sağlığı açısından endişe uyandırıcıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tulum Peyniri, Staphylococcus aureus, Antibiyotik Direnç, Antibiyotik Direnç Geni, Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu

DETERMINATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PREVALENCE AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILES AND RESISTANCE GENES IN TULUM CHEESE

In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in tulum cheese samples sold in Isparta province and to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles and resistance genes in S. aureus isolates. A total of 141 presumptive S. aureus colonies were isolated from 75 Tulum cheese samples. As a result of Gram staining and catalase test, it was determined that 100 of the isolates had Gram positive cocci morphology and catalase positive feature. Whether these isolates are members of the S. aureus species was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primer pairs specific to the thermostable nuclease gene (nuc) in S. aureus. As a result of PCR experiments, nuc gene-specific 458 bp amplicons were obtained in 15 isolates. The frequency of S. aureus in Tulum cheese samples was calculated as 13.33% (10/75). As a result of disk diffusion test of 15 S. aureus isolates, penicillin G was found to be the most resistant antibiotic. It has been determined that the most common antibiotic resistance gene in isolates is blaZ. Apart from the blaZ gene, the presence of mecA, msrA and msrB genes was determined in isolates. The presence of S. aureus in tulum cheese samples, albeit at a low rate, is a concern for consumer health.

Keywords:

Tulum Cheese, Staphylococcus aureus, Antibiotic Resistance, Antibiotic Resistance Gene, Polymerase Chain Reaction,

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