BOX–BEHNKEN DİZAYNI KULLANILARAK ÇÜRÜTÜLMÜŞ ÇAMURDAN STRÜVİT ELDE ETMEK İÇIN ALKALİ–TERMAL HİDROLİZİN OPTİMİZASYONU: NÜTRİENTLERİN VE METALLERIN ÇÖZÜNDÜRÜLMESİ

Bu çalışmada, alkali–termal hidroliz ve Box–Behnken dizaynı kullanılarak arıtma çamurundan metallerin ve nütrientlerin çözündürülmesinin optimizasyonu araştırılmıştır. Çözündürülmüş nütrientlerin, hidroliz sıvısından geri kazanımı da strüvit kristalizasyonu ile araştırılmış ve hidroliz prosesi üzerine NaOH konsantrasyonu, sıvı/katı oranı ve sıcaklığın etkileri belirlenmiştir. Nütrientlerin çözündürülmesi, azalan sıvı/katı oranı ve artan NaOH konsantrasyonu ile pozitif olarak etkilenmiştir. Ca, Al ve Zn çözündürülmesi sıcaklık artışı ile artmıştır. Nütrientlerin ve metallerin çözündürülmesi için optimum koşullar 0,7 M NaOH, 5/1 mL/g sıvı/katı oranı ve 35 °C’de olmuştur. Optimum koşullar altında elde edilen hidrolize edilmiş çamurun EDS analiz sonuçları, C, P, Fe, Al ve K kütle yüzde değerlerinin çürütülmüş çamurunkine kıyasla azaldığını göstermiştir. Optimum koşullar altında, strüvit çöktürmesi ile hidroliz sıvısından NH4+ ve PO43- giderim verimleri sırasıyla N:Mg:P molar oranı 1:1:1 iken %57,43 ve %79,22 ve N:Mg:P molar oranı 1:1.5:1 iken %73,31 ve %99.02 olmuştur. Kuru çökeltinin XRD analizleri, N:Mg:P molar oranı 1:1:1 iken strüvit oluşumuna ek olarak hazenit oluşumunu da göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Alkali–Termal Hidroliz, Hidrolize Edilmiş Çamur, Nütrient Geri Kazanımı, Çözündürme, Strüvit

OPTIMIZATION OF ALKALINE–THERMAL HYDROLYSIS TO OBTAIN STRUVITE FROM DIGESTED SLUDGE USING A BOX–BEHNKEN DESIGN: SOLUBILIZATION OF NUTRIENTS AND METALS

In this study, we investigated ways by which to optimize metals and nutrients solubilization from sewage sludge using alkaline–thermal hydrolysis and the Box–Behnken design. We also examined through struvite crystallization the recovery of solubilized nutrients from hydrolyzed liquid and determined the effect of NaOH concentration, the liquid/solid ratio, and temperature on the hydrolysis process. Nutrients solubilization was positively affected by decreasing liquid/sludge ratio and increasing NaOH concentration. Ca, Al, and Zn solubilization increased with increasing temperature. The optimum condition for solubilization of nutrients and metals was 0.7 M NaOH and a 5/1 mL/g liquid/solid ratio at 35 °C. EDS analyses of hydrolyzed sludge obtained under optimum conditions showed that the mass percentage of C, P, Fe, Al, and K decreased compared to that of the digested sludge. Under optimum conditions, the removal efficiencies of NH4+ and PO43- from hydrolyzed liquid by struvite precipitation were 57.43 and 79.22% at a N:Mg:P molar ratio of 1:1:1, and 73.31 and 99.02% at a N:Mg:P molar ratio of 1:1.5:1, respectively. XRD analyses of the dry precipitate showed hazenite in addition to struvite formation at a molar ratio of N:Mg:P of 1:1:1.

Keywords:

Alkaline-Thermal Hydrolysis, Hydrolyzed Sludge, Nutrients Recovery, Solubilizaton, Struvite,

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