Study on anthropometric measurements of head in medical faculty students and their relation with intelligence quotient

Questions about intelligence have always occupied scientists’ minds, and many types of research have been conducted to find answers to these questions. Although inheritance and environmental factors together are influential in the development of intelligence, the belief that intelligent people are biologically and physically different is a common presentation. There are a significant number of studies which aim to find the association between cognitive abilities and anthropometric measurements. The purpose of this study is to research whether there is association between anthropometric measurements taken from the head regions of university students and their IQ values. Our study was conducted with 84 right-handed male students studying at İnönü University Faculty of Medicine. The students were first given R.B. Cattell Culture Free Intelligence Test. After their ages, heights and weights were recorded, and head circumference, bigonial breadth, morphological facial height, head height, head breadth, frontal breadth, maximum head diameter, nose to back of head, distance between gnathion-traction and skull height measurements from the head region were taken. IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 program was used for the statistical analysis of the results. p

___

1. Çuhadar CH. Müziksel Zeka. Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2017;26:1- 12.

2. Morgan CT. Psikolojiye Giriş. Çeviren: Hacettepe Psikoloji Bölümü Öğretim Üyeleri. 1991; Ankara, Meteksan.

3. Gale CR, Walton S, Martyn CN. Foetal and postnatal head growth and risk of cognitive decline in old age. Brain. 2003;126:2273-8.

4. Heinonen K, Räikkönen K, Pesonen AK, et al. Prenatal and postnatal growth and cognitive abilities at 56 months of age: a longitudinal study of infants born at term. Pediatrics. 2008;121:1325-33.

5. Jensen AR, Johnson FW. Race and sex differences in head size and IQ. Intelligence. 1994;18:309-33.

6. Rushton JP. Sex and race differences in cranial capacity from International labour office data. Intelligence. 1994;19:281-94

7. Pietschnig J, Penke L, Wicherts JM, et al. Meta-analysis of associations between human brain volume and intelligence differences: How strong are they and what do they mean? Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015;57:411-32.

8. Rushton JP, Ankney CD. Brain size and cognitive ability: correlations with age, sex, social class, and race. Psychonom Bull Rev. 1996;3:21–36.

9. Satz P. Brain reserve capacity on symptom onset after brain injury: a formulation and review of evidence for threshold theory. Neuropsychology. 1993;7:273–95.

10. Martyn CN, Gale CR, Sayer AA, et al. Growth in utero and cognitive function in adult life: follow up study of people born between 1920 and 1943. British Medical Journal. 1996; 312(7043):1393-6.

11. Zhang ZX, Plassman BL, Xu Q, et al Lifespan influences on mid- to late-life cognitive function in a Chinese birth cohort. Neurology. 2009;73:186-94.

12. Paus T. Mapping brain maturation and cognitive development during adolescence. Trends Cogn Sci. 2005;9:60-8.

13. Tisserand DJ, Bosma H, Van Boxtel MP, et al. Head size and cognitive ability in nondemented older adults are related. Neurology. 2001;56:969-71.

14. Schoenemann PT, Budinger TF, Sarich VM, et al Brain size does not predict general cognitive ability within families. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000; 97:4932-7.

15. Ivanovic DM, Leiva BP, Pérez HT, et al.Head size and intelligence, learning, nutritional status and brain development. Head, IQ, learning, nutrition and brain. Neuropsychologia. 2004;42:1118-31.

16. Gray JR, Thompson PM. Neurobiology of intelligence: science and ethics. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004;5:471-82.

17. Duncan J, Seitz RJ, Kolodny J, et al. Neural basis for general intelligence. Science. 2000;289:457–60.

18. Wickett JC, Vernon PA, Lee DH. Relationships between factors of intelligence and brain volume. Personality Individ Diff. 2000;29:1095–122.

19. Reynolds MD, Johnston JM, Dodge HH, et al. Small head size is related to low Mini‐Mental State Examination scores in a community sample of nondemented older adults. Neurology. 1999;53:228–9.

20. Akın G, Tekdemir İ, Gültekin T, et al. Antropometri ve Spor. 2013; Ankara, Alter Yayınevi.

21. Tuvemo T, Jonsson B, Persson I. Intellectual and physical performance and morbidity in relation to height in a cohort of 18-year-old Swedish conscripts. Horm Res.1999;52:186-91.

22. Lundgren EM, Cnattingius S, Jonsson B, et al. Intellectual and psychological performance in males born small for gestational age with and without catch-up growth. Pediatr Res. 2001;50:91-6.

23. Bartholomeusz HH, Courchesne E, Karns CM. Relationship between head circumference and brain volume in healthy normal toddlers, children, and adults. Neuropediatrics. 2002;33:239–41.

24. Vernon PA, Wickett JC, Bazana PG, Stelmack RM. The neuropsychology and psychophysiology of human intelligence. In RJ Sternberg, Editor. Handbook of intelligence. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 2000. p. 245–64.

25. McDaniel MA. Big-brained people are smarter: A meta-analysis of the relationship between in vivo brain volume and intelligence. Intelligence. 2005;33:337-46.

26. Wheeler PG Bresnahan K, Shephard BA, et al. Short stature and functional impairment: a systematic review. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 2004;158:236–43.

27. Teasdale TW, Sorensen TI, Owen DR. Fall in association of height with intelligence and educational level. BMJ. 1989;298:1292–3.

28. Taki Y, Hashizume H, Sassa Y, et al. Breakfast staple types affect brain gray matter volume and cognitive function in healthy children. PLoS One. 2010;5:15213.

29. Silventoinen K. Determinants of variation in adult body height. J. Biosoc. Sci. 2003;35:26385.

30. Frangou S, Chitins X, Williams SC. Mapping IQ and gray matter density in healthy young people. NeuroImage. 2004;23:800–5.

31. Wilke M, Sohn JH, Byars AW, et al. Bright spots: correlations of gray matter volume with IQ in a normal pediatric population. NeuroImage. 2003;20:202–15.
Medicine Science-Cover
  • ISSN: 2147-0634
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2012
  • Yayıncı: Effect Publishing Agency ( EPA )
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Pregnancy outcome of patients who conceive after bariatric surgery

Mehmet KECECİOGLU

Milk expression and maternity leave as determinants of breastfeeding among mothers employed in a baby friendly hospital

Meltem GUNES, Mualla AYKUT, Neslihan ONER, Arda BORLU

Evaluation of left ventricular functions in patients with retinal vein occlusion

Batur Gonenc KANAR, Hatice Selen KANAR, Halil ATAS

Safety of midazolam-propofol combination for sedation in pediatric patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy

Sami EKSERT, Mehmet Emin INCE, Necati BALAMTEKİN, Mustafa GULGUN

A correlation of first trimester serum levels of PAPP-A and PlGF with preeclampsia in western Indian population

A. JAYAMOL, DEY MADHUSUDAN, Ipsita SAHOO

Seasonal distribution of the incidence of bell’s palsy

Nevreste Didem Sonbay YİLMAZ, Ozer Erdem GUR, Umit KUCUKTEPE, Nuray ENSARİ, Mustafa Deniz YİLMAZ

Successful use of spinal anesthesia for incarcerated inguinal hernia repair in a patient with Hunter syndrome

Neslihan ALTUNKAYA, Duygu Demiroz ASLAN

Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of tarantula cubensis D6 on lung tissue in cecal ligation and puncture-induced polymicrobial sepsis model in rats

Ayhan TANYELİ, Ersen ERASLAN, Mustafa Can GULER, Saime Ozbek SEBİN, Demet CELEBİ, Fatma Betul OZGERİS, Erdem TOKTAY

Clinical features and responses to eculizumab of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria patients: A single-center experience

Omer EKİNCİ, Sinan DEMİRCİOGLU, Gulcin Miyase SONMEZ, Cengiz DEMİR

Is TTF-1 a prognostic marker in non-small cell lung adenokarsinoma?

Murat ARAZ, Hacer DEMİR, Ismail BEYPİNAR