Katrin EBRAHIMI, Sima SHIRAVAND, Hossein MAHMOUDVAND

Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa fruit and investigation of its antibacterial activity

The present study was aimed to use the aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa to synthesize the copper nanoparticles and also evaluated their antibacterial activities again some pathogenic bacterial strains. UV-vis spectroscopy analyses, fourier transform of infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to identify the synthesized nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized copper nanoparticles was investigated using disk diffusion method and broth microdilution against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. After adding the extract to the copper sulfate solution, the color of the solution changed from light blue to yellowish green. Existence of a maximum peak at the wavelength of 414 nm confirmed the formation of the copper nanoparticles. FTIR spectrum analysis showed that the factor groups created a coating extract on the surface of the nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the particle size between 17 and 41 nm. These findings showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus as Gram-positive bacteria were most susceptible to synthesized copper nanoparticles in comparison with the Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli). The obtained findings demonstrated that the aqueous extract of C. spinosa acts as a reviver and stabilizer factor. The synthesized copper nanoparticles demonstrated activity against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria.

PDF

___

Engelkirk J, Engelkirk P. Laboratory Diagnosis of Infectious, Duben Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008, pp. 168

Li Z, Lee D, Sheng X, Chohen RF, Ruber MF. Two –level antibacterial coating with both release-killing and contactkilling capabilities. Langmuir 2006; 22: 9820-3.

Soltani Nejad M, Khatami M, Shahidi Bonjar GH. Extracellular synthesis gold nanotriangles using biomass of Streptomyces microflavus. IET Nanobiotechnol 2016; 10: 33–8.

Khatami M, Mehnipor R, Poor MHS, Jouzani GS. Facile biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Descurainia sophia and evaluation of their antibacterial and antifungal properties. J Clust Sci 2016; 27: 1601–12.

Khatami M, Amini E, Amini A, Mortazavi SM, Kishani Farahani Z, Heli H. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using pine pollen and evaluation of the antifungal efficiency. Iran J Biotechnol 2017; 15: 1–7.

Khatami M, Pourseyedi S. Phoenix dactylifera (date palm) pit aqueous extract mediated novel route for synthesis highstable silver nanoparticles with high antifungal and antibacterial activity. IET Nanobiotechnol 2015; 9:184-90.

Das S, Das J, Samadder A, Bhattacharyya SS, Das D, KhudaBukhsh AR. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles by ethanolic extracts of Phytolacca decandra, Gelsemium sempervirens, Hydrastis canadesis and Thuja occidentalis induce differential cytotaxicity through G2/M arrest in A375 cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013;101: 325-36.

Abboud Y, Saffaj T, Chagraoui A, Brouzi K, Tanane O, Ihssane B. Biosynthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CPNPs) produced using brown alga extract (Bifurcaria bifurcata). Appl Nanosci 2014; 4: 5716.

Saedi Dezaki E, Mahmoudvand H, Sharififar F, Fallahi S, Monzote L, Ezatkhah F. Chemical composition along with anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activity of Zataria multiflora. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:752-8.

Kheirandish F, Delfan B, Mahmoudvand H, Moradi N, Ezatpour B, Ebrahimzadeh F, Rashidipour M. Antileishmanial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of Quercus infectoria Olivier extract. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82: 208-15.

Shende S, Ingle AP, Gade A, Rai M. Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles by Citrus medica Linn.(Idilimbu) juice and its antimicrobial activity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31: 865-73.

Subhankari I, Nayak P. Synthesis of copper nanoparticles using Syzygium aromaticum (Cloves) aqueous extract by using green chemistry. World J Nano Sci Technol 2013; 2: 14-7.

Katha U, and Gajera H. Synthesis of copper nanoparticles by two different methods and size comparison. Int J Pharm Bio Sci 2014; 5: 533-40.

Gopinath M, Subbaiya R, Selvam MM, Suresh D. Synthesis of copper nanoparticles from Nerium oleander leaf aqueous extract and its antibacterial activity. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2014; 3 : 814-8.

Angrasan J, Subbaiya R. Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles by Vitis vinifera leaf aqueous extract and its antibacterial activity. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2014; 3: 768-74.

Naika HR, Lingaraju K, Manjunath K, Kumar D, Nagaraju G, Suresh D, Nagabhushana H. Green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles using Gloriosa superba L. extract and their antibacterial activity. J Taibah Uni Sci 2015; 9: 7-12.

Saranyaadevi K, Subha V, Ernest Ravindran Rs, Renganathan S. Synthesis and caharacterization of copper nanoparticle using Capparis zeylanica leaf extract. Int J Chem Tech Res 2014; 6: 4533-41.

Kulkarni VD, Kulkarni, PS. Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using Ocimum sanctum leaf extract. Int J Chem Stud. 2013; 1(3): 1-4.

Ghahraman A. Chromophytes of Iran, Vol.1 Tehran University Press, Tehran, Iran 1998, pp. 202.

Zargari A, Medicinal Plants, Vol.2, Tehran University Publication, Tehran, Iran 1989, pp. 550.

Mallikarjunaa K, Narasimhab G, Dillipa GR, Praveenb B, Shreedharc B, Sree Lakshmic C, Reddy BVS, Deva Prasad Raju B. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ocimum leaf extract and their characterization. Digest J Nanomat Biostruct 2011; 6: 181–6.

Safarpour S, Givianrad MH, Beheshti P. Detection and determination of antioxidant compound of seed oil of Capparis spinosa L. in Iran. Iran J Med Aromat Plants 2012; 28: 153-60.

Kalimuthu K, Babu RS, Venkataraman D, Bilal M, Gurunathan S. Biosynthesis of silver nanocrystals by Bacillus licheniformis. Colloids Surf B 2008; 65: 150-3.

Jagtap UB, Bapat WA. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. seed extract and its antibacterial activity. Ind Crop Prod 2013; 46: 132–7.

Awwad AM, Salem NM. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by mulberry leaves extract. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 2: 125-8.

Yamini Sudha Lakshmi G, Fouzia B, Ezhilarasan, Arumugam, Sahadevan. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Cleome viscosa: Synthesis and antimicrobial activity. International Conference on Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics 2011; 5: 334-337.

Chandrakant K, Tagad, Sreekantha Reddy D, Rohini A, Sungha P, Atul K, Sushma S. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their application for the development of optical fiber based hydrogen peroxide sensor. Sens Actuators B Chem 2013; 183: 144– 9.

Mano Priya M, Karunai Selvia B, John Paul JA. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the leaf extracts of Euphorbia hirta and Nerium indicum. Digest J Nanomat Biostruct 2011; 6: 869 – 77.

Wilson DS, Dalmasso G, Wang L, Sitaraman SV, Merlin D, Murthy N. Orally delivered thioketal nanoparticles loaded with TNF-α–siRNA target inflammation and inhibit gene expression in the intestines. Nat Mater 2010; 9: 923–8.

Basarkar A, Singh J. Poly (lactide-co-glycolide)polymethacrylate nanoparticles for intramuscular delivery of plasmid encoding interleukin-10 to prevent autoimmune diabetes in mice. Pharm Res 2009; 26: 72–81.

Roy K, Mao HQ, Huang SK, Leong KW. Oral gene delivery with chitosan-DNA nanoparticles generates immunologic protection in a murine model of peanut allergy. Nat Med 1999; 5: 387–91.

Brigger I, Dubernet C, Couvreur P. Nanoparticles in cancer therapy and diagnosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64: 24–36.

Furno F, Morley KS, Wong B, Sharp BL, Arnold PL, Howdle SM, Bayston R, Brown PD, Winship PD, Reid HJ. Silver nanoparticles and polymeric medical devices: A new approach to prevention of infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004; 54: 1019–24.