THE GEOLOGY OF THE SOUTH OF MANYAS (BALIKESİR) AND TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE OF BLUESCHISTS

The study area comprises mainly Karakaya complex units of Sakarya zone, a granodioritic pluton which cuts the Karakaya complex and unconformably overlying Neogene sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Apart from these, a small blueschist klippe rests on the Karakaya complex. The Karakaya complex in the area studied is made up of Nilüfer unit and tectonically overlying Triassic detritics (Hodul unit and Orhanlar greywacke). Nilüfer unit consists of metabasite-metapelite-marble intercalation at the base and monotonous marbles at the top. Nilüfer unit has undergone greenschist fades metamorphism probably during Late Triassic. Nilüfer unit is in tectonic contact with detritic rocks bearing neritic limestone blocks of Carboniferous-Permian age and rare spilite blocks. A blueschist klippe, which consists of metabasites, is observed on the Nilüfer unit and on the Triassic detritics to the south of Manyas. The metamorphic age of the blueschist is Late Cretaceous as reported from south of Mustafakemalpaşa. The exhumation of blueschists mainly occurred during the latest Cretaceous. Thus, the thrusting of blueschist onto Karakaya complex units took place probably during the Paleocene continent-continent collision. Main blueschist belt is located to the south of klippe which indicates a northward vergence. This shows that back-thrusting occurred during continent-continent collision in the western Anatolia.

Keywords:

-,

PDF

___

Akat, U.; Çağlayan, A. and Ivak, M., 1978, Dursunbey-Or- haneli-Susurluk-Kepsut arasındaki bölgenin jeolo- jisi: MTA Rep., 6618 (unpublished), Ankara.
Akyüz, H.S., 1995, Manyas-Susurluk-Kepsut (Balıkesir) civarının jeolojisi: PhD Thesis, ITU Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 239 p., (unpublished).
and Okay, A.I., 1996, A section across a Tethyan suture in northwest Turkey: Int. Geol. Rev. V. 38, 405-418.
Ataman, G., 1973, Ilıca-Şamlı (Balıkesir) granodiyoritinin radyometrik yaşı ve Kuzeybatı Anadolu granitik magması hakkında düşünceler: Cumhuriyetin 50. Yılı Yerbilimleri Kongresi Tebliğleri, MTA Publ., 518-523.
Aygen, T., 1956, Balya bölgesi jeolojisinin incelenmesi: MTA Publ., D11,95 p.
Batman, B., 1978, Haymana kuzeyinin jeolojik evrimi ve yöredeki melanjın incelenmesi, I: Stratigrafi birim- leri: Yerbilimleri, 4, 95-124.
Benda, L.; Innocenti, F.; Mazzuoli, R.; Radicati, F. and Steffens, P., 1974, Stratigraphic and radiometric data of the Neogene in northwest Turkey: Zeitsch- rift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, 125, 183-193.
Bemor, R. and Tobien, H., 1990, The Mammalian Geoch- ronology and Biogeography of Paşalar (Middle Miocene, Turkey): J. Human Evol., V. 19, no: 4/5, 551-568.
Bingöl, E.; Delaloye, M. and Ataman, G., 1982, Granitic Intrusions in western Anatolia: a contribution to the geodynamic study of this area: Eclogae Geol. Helv., 75, 437- 446.
Boggs, S., 1984, Quaternary sedimentation in the Japan arc-trench system: Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 95, 669-685.
Borsi, S.; Ferrara, G.; Innocenti, F. and Mazzudi, R., 1972, Geochronology and petrology of recent volcanics in the eastern Aegean Sea (West Anatolia and Lesbos Island): Bull. Volcan., 36, 473-496.
Bürküt, Y., 1966, Kuzeybatı Anadoluda yer alan plutonla- rın mukayeseli jenetik etüdü: PhD Thesis, İTÜ, Maden Fak., 272 p. Dickinson, W.R. and Seely, D.R., 1979, Structure and stratigraphy of the fore-arc regions: AAPG Bull., 63, 2-31.
Ercan, T.; Satır, M.; Kreuzer, H.; Türkecan, A.; Günay, E.; Çevikbaş, A.; Ateş, M. and Can, B., 1985, Batı Anadolu Senozoyik volkanitlerine ait yeni kimya- sal, izotopik ve radyometrik verilerin yorumu: Tür- kiye Jeol. Kur. Bull., 28,121-136.
; Ergül, E.; Akçören, F.; Çetin, A.; Granit, S. and Asutay, J., 1990, Balıkesir- Bandırma arasının jeo- lojisi, Tersiyer volkanizmasının petrolojisi ve böl- gesel yayılımı: MTA Bull., 110, 113-130.
; Satır, M.; Steinitz, G.; Dora, A.; SarıfakioğIu, E.; Adis, C., Walter, H.J. and Yıldırım, T., 1995, Biga yarımadası ile Gökçeada, Bozcaada ve Tavşan adalarındaki (KB Anadolu) Tersiyer volkanizması- nın özellikleri: MTA Bull., 117, 55-86.
Ergül, E.; Öztürk, Z.; Akçaören, F. and Gözler, Z., 1980, Ba- lıkesir ili-Marmara denizi arasının jeolojisi: MTA Rep. 6760 (unpublished), Ankara.
; Gözler, Z., Akçaören, F. and Öztürk Z., 1986, Tür- kiye Jeoloji Haritaları Serisi, Balıkesir F6 Paftası: MTA Publ., Ankara.
Genç, Ş., 1986, Geology of the region between Uludağ and the İznik Lake: Guide Book for the field excur- sion along western Anatolia, Turkey: MTA Publ., 19-25.
Goffe, B.; Michard, A.; Kienast, J.R. and Le Mer, O., 1988, A case of obduction-related high pressure-low temperature metamorphism in upper crustal nap- pes, Arabian continental margin, Oman: P-T paths and kinematic interpretation: Tectonophysics, 151, 363-386.
Göncüoğlu, C.M.; Özcan, A.; Turhan, N. and Işık, A., 1992, Stratigraphy of the Kütahya region: in a Ge- otraverse across Tethyan suture zones in NW Anatolia: Field Guide Book for the Symposium on the Geology of the Black Sea Region, Ankara, 3- 11.
Gündoğdu, N., 1984, Bigadiç gölsel Neojen baseninin jeolojisi: Yerbilimleri, 11, 91-104.
Harris, N.B.W., Kelley, S.P. and Okay, A.I., 1994, Post- collision magmatism and tectonics in northwest Turkey: Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 117, 241-252.
Hathway, B., 1994, Sedimentation and volcanism in an Oligocene-Miocene intra- oceanic arc and fore- arc, southwestern Viti Levu, Fiji: J. Geol. Soc. Lon- don, 151,499-514.
Houghton, B. F. and Landis, C.,A., 1989, Sedimentation and volcanism in a Permian arc- related basin, so- uthern New Zealand. Bull. Volcan. 51, 433-450.
Kaya, O. and Möstler, H., 1992, A Middle Triassic age for low grade greenschist facies metamorphic sequ- ence in Bergama (Izmir), western Turkey: the first paleontological age assignment and structural- stratigraphic implications: Newsletter for Stratig- raphy, 26, 1-17.
Le Bas, M.J. and Streckeisen, A.L., 1991, The IUGS systematics of igneous rocks: J. Geol. Soc. Lon- don, 148, 825-833.
Le Maitre, R.W., 1989, A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms: Blackwell, Oxford, 193 p.
Leven, E. and Okay, A.I., 1996, Foraminifera from the exotic Permo-Carboniferous limestone blocks in the Karakaya Complex, Northwest Turkey: Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 102, 2, 1- 10, 139-171.
McMillen, K.J.; Enkeboll, R.H.; Moore, J.C.; Shipley, T.H. and Ladd, J.W., 1982, Sedimentation in different tectonic environments of the Middle America Trench, southern Mexico and Guatamala: Leggett, J.K., ed., Trench-forearc geology: Sedimentation and tectonics of modern and ancient active plate margins: Geol. Soc. London, Spec, Publ., 10,107- 120.
Michard, A.; Goffe, B:, Saddiqi, O.; Oberhansli, R. and Wendt, A.S., 1994, Late Cretaceous exhumation of the Oman blueschist and eclogites: a two-stage extensional mechanism: Terra Nova, 6, 404-413.
Mullen, E.D., 1983, MnO/TiO2/P O : a minor element disc-2 5 riminant for basaltic rocks of oceanic environments and its implications for petrogenesis: Earth Planet. Sci. Letters, 62, 53-62.
Norman, T. and Rad, M.R., 1971, Çayraz (Haymana) civa- rındaki Harhor (Eosen) Formasyonunda alttan üs- te doğru doku parametrelerinde ve ağır mineral bolluk derecelerinde değişmeler: Türkiye Jeol. Kur. Bull., 14, 205-225.
Okay, A.İ., 1980, Mineralogy, Petrology and Phase Rela- tions of Glaucophane-Lawsonite Zone Blueschists from the Tavşanlı Region, Northwest Turkey: Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 72, 243-255.
, 1981, Kuzeybatı Anadoludaki Ofiyolitlerin Jeolojisi ve Mavişist Metamorfizması: Türkiye Jeol. Kur. Bull., 24, 85-95.
, 1984, Kuzeybatı Anadoluda yer alan metamorfik kuşaklar: Ketin Simpozyumu, Türkiye Jeol. Kur. Publ., 83-93.
, 1986, High pressure/low temperature metamorp- hic rocks of Turkey: Ewans, B.W. and Brown, E.H., eds., Blueschists and Eclogites: Geol. Soc. Amer. Memoir, 164,333-347.
; Siyako, M. and Bürkan, K.A., 1990, Biga Yarım- adası'nın Jeolojisi ve Tektonik Evrimi: TPJD Bull. 2/1,83-121.
and Kelley, S.P., 1994, Tectonic setting, petrology and geochronology of jadeite+glaucophane and chloritoid+glaucophane schists from north-west Turkey: J. Metamorphic Geol., 12, 455-466.
; Satır, M.; Maluski, H.; Siyako, M.; Metzger, R., and Akyüz, H.S., 1996, Paleo- and Neo-Tethyan events in northwest Turkey: Geological and geo- chronological constraints: Yin, A: and Harrison, T.M., eds. Tectonic Evolution of Asia: 420-441.
Saner, S., 1980, Mudurnu-Göynük havzasının Jura ve sonrası çökelim nitelikleriyle paleocoğrafya yorum- laması: Türkiye Jeol. Kur. Bull. 23, 39-52.
Schweller, W.J. and Kulm, L.D., 1978, Depositional pat- terns and channelised, sedimentation in active eastern Pacific trenches: Stanley, D.J. and Kelling, G., eds., Sedimentation in submarine canyons, fans and trenches: 311 -324.
Searle, M.; Waters, D.J.; Martin, H.N. and Rex, D.C., 1994, Structure and metamorphism of blueschist- eclogite fades rocks from the northeastern Oman Mountains: J. Geol. Soc. London, 151, 555-576.
Stanley, D.J. and Maldonado, A., 1981, Depositional mo- dels for fine-grained sediment in the western Hel- lenic Trench, eastern Mediterranean: Sedimento- logy, 28, 273- 290.
Şengör, A.M.C. and Yılmaz, Y., 1981, Tethyan evolution of Turkey: a plate tectonic approach: Tectonophy- sics, 75, 181-241.
Tekeli, O., 1981, Subduction complex of pre-Jurassic age, Northern Anatolia, Turkey: Geology, 9, 68-72.
Thronburgh, T.M. and Kulm, L.M., 1987, Sedimentation in the Chile Trench: Depositional morphologies, litho- facies and stratigraphy: Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 98, 33-52.
Underwood, M.B., 1986, Transverse infilling of the central Aleutian Trench by unconfined turbidity currents: Geo-Marine Letters, 6, 7-13.

ISSN: 0026-4563
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
Başlangıç: 1950
Yayıncı: Cahit DÖNMEZ

Arşiv